bone, calcium, vit D & exercise

Question 1

throughout life, bone is continually broken down & rebuilt through _______

Answer 1

remodelling

Question 2

if bone resorption > bone formation -> ___ ____ -> increase _____/______

Answer 2

bone less
injury risk/osteoporosis

Question 3

measurement of BMD

Answer 3

• DXA (hip, spine) - BMD & diagnose osteoporosis/osteopaenia
• osteoporosis BMD > or equal to 2.5 SD below young healthy adult mean
• osteopaenia BMD 1-2.5 SD

Question 4

low BMD risk factors

Answer 4

• chronic under-nutrition
• ED
• amenorrhea
• glucocorticoid exposure
• previous fractures

Question 5

risk factors for BSIs

Answer 5

• prior stress fractures
• menstrual irregularity
• low BMD
• low vit D
• low calcium
• biochemical factors

Question 6

Highly osteogenic sports

Answer 6

basketball
netball
impact aerobics
tennis
jump rope/HITT

Question 7

Moderately osteogenic sports

Answer 7

running
jogging
hill walking
RT
Stair climbing

Question 8

low osteogenic sports

Answer 8

walking
bowls
yoga
pilates

Question 9

non-osteogenic sports

Answer 9

swimming
cycling

Question 10

______ critical time for bone. mineral accrual

Answer 10

puberty

Question 11

blood calcium regulated by _____ control -> low ______ -> -ve ______ balance -> bone ________

Answer 11

hormonal
oestrogen
calcium
demineralisation

Question 12

calcium intakes of _____ mg/day & ____-____ IU vitamin D are recommended to optimise bone health in athletes with ____ or _______ dysfunction

Answer 12

1500
1500-2000
LEA
menstrual