Bone and cartilage 1- addition to mind map Flashcards
What are the 4 types of collagen?
- Type I- most abundant , widely distributed
- Type II- Hyaline and elastic cartilage -fibres thinner than type 1
- Type III- Reticular fibres
- Type IV- Found in the basal lamina. Does not form fibrils
What 3 things make up the composition of the basement membrane?
- glycosaminoglycans (GAGS)
- Type IV cologne
- Glycoproteins
What is a link protein?
Stabilises the interaction of each proteoglycan with hyaluronan
What 3 parts are connective tissue divided into?
- Soft connective tissue(tendons,ligamnets)
- Hard connective tissue :bone cartilage
- Blood and lymph: special form of connective tissue
What are the 4 resident cells of connective tissue?
- Fibroblasts
- Adipose cells
- Osteocytes
- chondrocytes
What is mesenchyme?
Primitive connective tissue of the embryo
Where is the mesoderm derived from?
Mostly the mesoderm , although the neural crest also contributes to mesenchyme in some areas
What does mesenchyme consist of?
- stellate or fusiform cells
- some reticular fibres
- ground substance
Where is hyaline cartilage found in the body?
- articular surfaces
- tracheal rings
- costal cartilage
- epiphyseal growth plates
- precursor in fetus to many bones
Where is elastic cartilage found in the body?
- pinna of the ear
- epiglottis
- auditory tube
Where can fibrocartilage be found in the body?
- intervertebral disk
- tendon inserts bone
- punic symphysis
How can pathology of cartilage occur?
Chondrocytes from old animals produce shorter proteoglycans than those of young animals. This may lead to lessened ability to attract water molecules and decreased resistance to compression, which in turn may lead to damage of articular cartilages and osteoarthritis.
