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Human Biology > Bone > Flashcards

Bone Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What are the role of osteoblasts?

A

They produce organic bone matrix to form bone (ie. following an injury)

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2
Q

What type of cell forms Howslip’s lacunae?

A

Osteoclast

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3
Q

Name the major organic component of bone

A

Collagen type I

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4
Q

What fibre penetrates the alveolar cortical plate to anchor the tooth?

A

Sharpey’s fibres

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5
Q

Name the two tissue layers of bone

A

Periosteum & endosteum

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6
Q

What is the role of the endosteum?

A

It lines the trabeculae & Haversian canals / internal cavities

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7
Q

What is the periosteum?

A

It is an outer sheath of fibrous CT that contains osteoprogenitor cells within

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7
Q

What is the periosteum?

A

It is an outer sheath of fibrous CT that contains osteoprogenitor cells within

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8
Q

What is structure is not found in compact/cortical bone?

A

Trabeculae

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9
Q

Name the two types of bone

A

Compact/cortical & spongy/trabecular

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10
Q

Where are canaliculi found?

A

In compact/cortical bone

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11
Q

What are canaliculi in the bone?

A

Small canals/ducts that enable cellular communication

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12
Q

Maturation of osteoblasts result in…

A

Osteocytes

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13
Q

What is the name of each concentric layer formed in an osteon?

A

Lamellae

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14
Q

What does appositional growth do to long bones?

A

It increases the diameter of bone

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15
Q

What is interstitial growth?

A

The growth of chondrocytes in lacunae of epiphyseal plates and increases the length of bone

16
Q

What are osteoprogenitor cells?

A

Stem cells that differentiate into osteoblasts

17
Q

Name the two types of ossification

A

Intramembranous & endochondral

18
Q

Where does intramembranous ossification occur?

A

Within mesenchymal tissue

19
Q

Where does endochondral ossification occur?

A

In cartilage

20
Q

What does intramembranous ossification lead to?

A

Formation of long bones & bones of skull base (ie. ethmoid & sphenoid)

21
Q

What does endochondral ossification lead to?

A

Formation of flat bones

22
Q

What is hypertrophy?

A

Chondrocytes increase in size

23
Q

Flat bones of the body include…

A

Most cranial bones, bones of the face & clavicles (collarbones)

Human Biology (9 decks)

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