bonding structure and the properties of matter p2 Flashcards
picl powerpoint aided (28 cards)
ionic compounds have what type of structure
regular structures called giant ionic lattices
properties of ionic compounds
-high melting and boiling points(large amounts of energy needed to break these bonds)
-conduct electricity(ions are free to move and carry charge)
properties of small molecules are overcome when…
they change state
2 properties of small molecules
low melting and boiling points,do not conduct electricity
intermolecular forces increase with….
the size of the molecules so larger molecules have higher melting and boiling points
polymers are…
covalently bonded and are very large
what are polymers made up of
-small reactive molecules that bond to each other to form long chains
–atoms between them are linked by strong covalent bonds
-intermolecular forces are strong
polymers are _____ at room temperature
solid
structure of giant covalent structures
all atoms are linked by strong covalent bonds which must be broken for a solid to melt or boil
properties of giant covalent structures
-very high melting and boiling points
-do not conduct electricity
what does the giant structure of atoms with strong metallic bonding provide
high melting and boiling points
the layers in a giant metallic structure can slide over each other because…..
metals are malleable(can be hammered into place) and ductile (can be drawn into a wire)
what do delocalised electrons allow heat to do
pass through the metal easily
what is a metal mixed with other elements called
an alloy
alloys are harder than what? and are made out of what
pure metals and are made out of 2 or more different metals
what do the different sized atoms of the metals do to the layers in the metal
distort them
when different sized atoms of the metals distort the layers in the structure what does it do
makes it more difficult for them to slide over each other so make the alloys harder than pure metals
how many covalent bonds does diamond have
4 covalent bonds with other carbon atoms in a giant covalent structure
3 properties of diamond
-very hard(hardest natural substance)
-very high melting and boiling point
-cannot conduct electricity
how many covalent bonds does graphite have
3 covalent bonds forming layers of hexagonal rings
properties of graphite
-soft and slippery
-conducts electricity
what is the structure of graphene
single layer of graphite,single layer of interlocking hexagonal rings of carbon atoms-one atoms thick
properties of graphene
-excellent conductor of thermal energy+electricity
-very low density
-very strong
what are fullerenes
molecules of carbon with hollow shapes,structure is based on hexagonal rings of carbon atoms
