bonding structure and the properties of matter p2 Flashcards

picl powerpoint aided

1
Q

ionic compounds have what type of structure

A

regular structures called giant ionic lattices

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2
Q

properties of ionic compounds

A

-high melting and boiling points(large amounts of energy needed to break these bonds)
-conduct electricity(ions are free to move and carry charge)

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3
Q

properties of small molecules are overcome when…

A

they change state

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4
Q

2 properties of small molecules

A

low melting and boiling points,do not conduct electricity

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5
Q

intermolecular forces increase with….

A

the size of the molecules so larger molecules have higher melting and boiling points

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6
Q

polymers are…

A

covalently bonded and are very large

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7
Q

what are polymers made up of

A

-small reactive molecules that bond to each other to form long chains
–atoms between them are linked by strong covalent bonds
-intermolecular forces are strong

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8
Q

polymers are _____ at room temperature

A

solid

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9
Q

structure of giant covalent structures

A

all atoms are linked by strong covalent bonds which must be broken for a solid to melt or boil

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10
Q

properties of giant covalent structures

A

-very high melting and boiling points
-do not conduct electricity

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11
Q

what does the giant structure of atoms with strong metallic bonding provide

A

high melting and boiling points

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12
Q

the layers in a giant metallic structure can slide over each other because…..

A

metals are malleable(can be hammered into place) and ductile (can be drawn into a wire)

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13
Q

what do delocalised electrons allow heat to do

A

pass through the metal easily

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14
Q

what is a metal mixed with other elements called

A

an alloy

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15
Q

alloys are harder than what? and are made out of what

A

pure metals and are made out of 2 or more different metals

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16
Q

what do the different sized atoms of the metals do to the layers in the metal

A

distort them

17
Q

when different sized atoms of the metals distort the layers in the structure what does it do

A

makes it more difficult for them to slide over each other so make the alloys harder than pure metals

18
Q

how many covalent bonds does diamond have

A

4 covalent bonds with other carbon atoms in a giant covalent structure

19
Q

3 properties of diamond

A

-very hard(hardest natural substance)
-very high melting and boiling point
-cannot conduct electricity

20
Q

how many covalent bonds does graphite have

A

3 covalent bonds forming layers of hexagonal rings

21
Q

properties of graphite

A

-soft and slippery
-conducts electricity

22
Q

what is the structure of graphene

A

single layer of graphite,single layer of interlocking hexagonal rings of carbon atoms-one atoms thick

23
Q

properties of graphene

A

-excellent conductor of thermal energy+electricity
-very low density
-very strong

24
Q

what are fullerenes

A

molecules of carbon with hollow shapes,structure is based on hexagonal rings of carbon atoms

25
Q

what are carbon nanotubes

A

cylindrical fullerenes with very high length compared to diameter

26
Q

what do nanoparticles show

A

different properties to the same materials in bulk as they have high surface to volume ratio

27
Q

pros of nanoparticles

A

can be used in medicine,electronics and cosmetics

28
Q
A