bonding structure and the properties of matter Flashcards
pixl powerpoint (25 cards)
properties of an ionic bond
-particles that are oppositely charged ions
-between metals and non-metals
properties of a covalent bond
-particles are atoms which share pairs of electrons
-mostly non metallic elements
-between non metals and non metals
properties of a metallic bond
-particles are atoms which share delocalised electrons
-in metal elements and alloys
what does and ionic bond include
transfer of electrons in the outer shells
what happens when ionic bonds transfer electrons
-metals lose electrons to become positively charged ions
-nonmetals gain electrons to become negatively charged ions
the elements in group 1 do
they react with the elements in group 7
when group 1 elements react with group 7 elements
group 1 elements can lose one elctron,which can be given to an atom from group 7 to both achieve electrons shell stability
what is the elctrostatic attraction between oppositly charged Na(+) and Cl(-) ions called
ionic bonding
what does the charge produced by metals in groups 1 and 2 relate to
group number of the element in the periodic table e.g h2+ ions relate to group 2
what is an ionic compound
a giant structure of ions held together by strong electrostatic forces between oppositely charged ions(ionic bonding)
empirical formula is….
the simplest ratio of atoms or ions e.g 1:1= NaCl
when atoms share pairs of electrons…..
they form covalent bonds(strong bonds)
how to derive molecular formula of a substance
counting the number of atoms
what are polymers examples of
very large covalent molecules
2 examples of covalently bonded substances with giant covalent structures
diamond and silicon dioxide
covalently bonded substances may consist of ……..
small molecules
how are the atoms in metals built
layer upon layer in a regular pattern-they are an example of a giant structure
the electrons in the outer shell are…..
delocalised and free to roam throughout the structure
the sharing of delocalised electrons leads to…..
strong metallic bonds
where do melting and freezing take place
at the melting point
where do boiling and condensing take place
at the boiling point
the stronger the forces between the particles…
the higher the melting and boiling point of the substance
3 limitations of the particle model of matter
-there are no forces labelled
-all particles are shown as spheres
-the spheres are solid
what musts a substance do so that it can melt or boil
absorb the heat energy
