Bonding, structure, and the properties of matter

Question 1

Ionic bonding?

Answer 1

Particles are oppositely charged

Question 2

Covalent bonding?

Answer 2

The particles are atoms that share pairs of electrons

Question 3

Metallic bonding?

Answer 3

The particles are atoms which share delocalised electrons

Question 4

Ionic compound occurs in

Answer 4

Compounds formed from metals combined with non metals

Question 5

Covalent bonding occurs in

Answer 5

Most non metallic elements and in compounds of non metals

Question 6

Metallic bonding occurs in

Answer 6

Metallic elements and alloys

Question 7

When a metal atom reacts with a non-metal atom electrons in the outer shell of the metal atom are

Answer 7

Transferred

Question 8

Why do metal atoms lose electrons?

Answer 8

To become positively charged ions

Question 9

What is an ionic compound?

Answer 9

giant structure of ions.

Question 10

What are ionic compounds held together by?

Answer 10

strong electrostatic forces of attraction between oppositely charged ions.

Question 11

How to form a covalent bond?

Answer 11

When atoms share pairs of electrons.

Question 12

Covalently bonded substances may consist of what?

Answer 12

Small molecules

Question 13

What covalently bonded substances have very large molecules?

Answer 13

Polymyers

Question 14

What’s an example of a covalently bonded substance with a giant covalent structure?

Answer 14

Diamond

Question 15

Metals consist of what?

Answer 15

giant structures of atoms arranged in a regular pattern.

Question 16

What are the atoms in the outer shell like?

Answer 16

delocalised and so are free to move through the whole structure.

Question 17

The sharing of delocalised electrons gives rise to?

Answer 17

Strong metallic bonds

Question 18

What are the three states of matter?

Answer 18

Solid liquid and gas

Question 19

What takes place at the melting point?

Answer 19

Melting and freezing

Question 20

What takes place at the booing point?

Answer 20

Boiling and condensing

Question 21

What depends on the type of bonding and the structure of the substance?

Answer 21

Thé nature or particles

Question 22

In chemical equations the three states of matter are shown as what?

Answer 22

S, l, g

Question 23

What has strong electrostatic forces of attraction in all directions between oppositely charged ions?

Answer 23

Ionic compounds

Question 24

What has high melting and boiling points, and why?

Answer 24

Ionic compounds because of the large amounts of energy needed to break the many strong bonds.

Question 25

The amount of energy needed to change state from solid to liquid and from liquid to gas depends on the strength of the what?

Answer 25

the forces between the particles of the substance.

Question 26

The nature of the particles involved depends on the what?

Answer 26

Types of bonding and structure of the substance.

Question 27

If the forces are stronger between the particles do they have a higher or lower melting and boiling point?

Answer 27

Higher melting and boiling point

Question 28

What kind of structures do ionic compounds have?

Answer 28

regular structures (giant ionic lattices) in which there are strong electrostatic forces of attraction in all directions between oppositely charged ions.

Question 29

Ionic compounds have high melting and boiling points because?

Answer 29

because of the large amounts of energy needed to break the many strong bonds.

Question 30

When melted or dissolved in water, ionic compounds conduct electricity because?

Answer 30

the ions are free to move and so charge can flow.

Question 31

Substances that consist of small molecules are usually?

Answer 31

Gases or liquids with a relatively slow melting and boiling point

Question 32

substances have only weak forces between the molecules?

Answer 32

Liquids and gases

Question 33

What increases with the size of the molecules?

Answer 33

Thé intermolecular forces

Question 34

What substances do not conduct electricity because the molecules do not have an overall electric charg?

Answer 34

The intermolecular forces

Question 35

What have very large molecules?

Answer 35

Polymyers

Question 36

The atoms in the polymer molecules are linked to other atoms by what type of bond?

Answer 36

Strong covalent bonds

Question 37

The intermolecular forces between polymer molecules are?

Answer 37

Relatively strong

Question 38

What temperature does polymers have to be to make them a solid?

Answer 38

Room temperature

Question 39

Substances that consist of giant covalent structures are?

Answer 39

Solids with very high melting points

Question 40

All of the atoms in these Giant Covalent structures are?

Answer 40

linked to other atoms by strong covalent bonds. These bonds must be overcome to melt or boil these substances.

Question 41

Metals have giant structures of what type of atoms?

Answer 41

atoms with strong metallic bonding.

Question 42

In pure metals how are atoms arranged?

Answer 42

In layers

Question 43

Because of the way the atoms are formed in metals what does it allow the metal to do?

Answer 43

Bend

Question 44

What type of metals are too soft for many users?

Answer 44

Pure metals

Question 45

What metals mix with other metals to make alloys which will make them harder?

Answer 45

Pure metals

Question 46

Metals are good conductors of electricity because?

Answer 46

the delocalised electrons in the metal carry electrical charge through the metal.

Question 47

Metals are good conductors of thermal energy because?

Answer 47

energy is transferred by the delocalised electrons

Question 48

Why are diamonds so hard?

Answer 48

Because each carbon atom forms four covalent bonds with other carbon atoms

Question 49

Do diamonds have a high melting and boiling point or low melting and boiling point?

Answer 49

High melting and boiling points