Atomic Structure And The Periodic Table

Question 1

What are all substances made of?

Answer 1

Atoms

Question 2

How are compounds formed

Answer 2

Formed from elements by chemical reactions

Question 3

What can only be separated into elements by chemical reactions.

Answer 3

Compounds

Question 4

Mixture consists of what?

Answer 4

two or more elements or compounds not chemically combined together.

Question 5

Mixtures can be separated by?

Answer 5

filtration, crystallisation, simple distillation, fractional distillation and chromatography. These physical processes do not involve chemical reactions and no new substances are made.

Question 6

Before the discovery of electrons what were atoms described as

Answer 6

atoms were thought to be tiny spheres that could not be divided.

Question 7

What did the plum pudding model suggest?

Answer 7

The plum pudding model suggested that the atom is a ball of positive charge with negative electrons embedded in it.

Question 8

What led to the plum pudding model

Answer 8

Thé électron

Question 9

What did The results from the alpha particle scattering experiment lead to?

Answer 9

conclusion that the mass of an atom was concentrated at the centre (nucleus) and that the nucleus was charged

Question 10

Niels Bohr?

Answer 10

adapted the nuclear model by suggesting that electrons orbit the nucleus at specific distances.

Question 11

What was the name given to the particles that the positive charge of any nucleus could be subdivided into a whole number of smaller particles, each particle having the same amount of positive charge.

Answer 11

Proton

Question 12

James Chadwicks experiment?

Answer 12

provided the evidence to show the existence of neutrons within the nucleus.

Question 13

why the new evidence from the scattering experiment led to a change in the atomic model?

Answer 13

led to the conclusion that the mass of an atom was concentrated at the centre (nucleus) and that the nucleus was charged

Question 14

In an atom, the number of electrons is equal to the number of…

Answer 14

Protons in the nucleus

Question 15

The sum of the protons and neutrons in an atom is

Answer 15

It’s mass number

Question 16

Atoms of the same element can have different numbers of neutrons, what is this called?

Answer 16

these atoms are called isotopes of that element.

Question 17

Mass number?

Answer 17

The top number

Question 18

The atomic number

Answer 18

The bottom number

Question 19

What occupies the lowest available energy levels

Answer 19

The electrons in an atom

Question 20

How many electrons fit in the first line of an atom

Answer 20

2

Question 21

How many electrons fit on the second line of an atom

Answer 21

8

Question 22

The elements in the periodic table are arranged in order of

Answer 22

atomic (proton) number and so that elements with similar properties are in columns, known as groups

Question 23

The table is called a periodic table because

Answer 23

because similar properties occur at regular intervals.

Question 24

Elements in the same group in the periodic table have the same number of

Answer 24

Electrons in their outer shell

Question 25

Before the discovery of protons neutrons and electrons elements were arranged in

Answer 25

Order of their atomic weight

Question 26

Mendeleev overcame some of the problems in the periodic table by

Answer 26

leaving gaps for elements that he thought had not been discovered and in some places changed the order based on atomic weights.

Question 27

Knowledge of isotopes made it possible to explain what?

Answer 27

the order based on atomic weights was not always correct.

Question 28

Elements that react to form positive ions?

Answer 28

Are metals

Question 29

Elements that do not form positive ions?

Answer 29

Are non-metals

Question 30

Where are metals found on the periodic table?

Answer 30

To the left, and bottom

Question 31

Where are non-metals found on the periodic table?

Answer 31

To the right and top

Question 32

What are the elements in group 0 called?

Answer 32

Noble gases

Question 33

Why are noble gases unreactive?

Answer 33

because their atoms have stable arrangements of electrons.

Question 34

The boiling points of the noble gases increase with

Answer 34

Increasing relative atomic mass

Question 35

The elements in Group 1 of the periodic table are known as?

Answer 35

The alkali metals

Question 36

Explain why alkali metals have characteristic properties ?

Answer 36

Because because of the single electron in their outer shell

Question 37

The elements in Group 7 of the periodic table are known as?

Answer 37

The halogens

Question 38

Define Halogens

Answer 38

Non metals and consist of molecules made of pairs of atoms.

Question 39

In Group 7, the reactivity of the elements increases or decreases?

Answer 39

decreases going down the group.

Question 40

A more reactive halogen can…

Answer 40

displace a less reactive halogen from an aqueous solution of its salt.

Question 41

Who made the first atom model? And what was it called?

Answer 41

Dalton made the first atom and it was called a solid atom

Question 42

What was the second atom model? Who made it? What did it look like?

Answer 42

Plum pudding model created by JJ Thornton.
Positively charged sphère with negative electrons dotted around

Question 43

Who made the third atom model? What was it like? What was it called?

Answer 43

Nucleur model
Rutherford
Dense positively, charged nucleus sur landed by a cloud of electrons

Question 44

What was the 4th atom called? Who made it? What was it like?

Answer 44

Bohr
The atom
Electrons are in shells specific distances from the nucleus

Question 45

What was the add on from the 4th model? Who created it? What was it like?

Answer 45

Chadwick
Positive and negatives created the nucleus
Discovered the neutron
And created isotopes

Question 46

Molecule?

Answer 46

Two or more atoms chemically bonded together

Question 47

Compound?

Answer 47

Substances made from two or more elements chemically bonded together

Question 48

What is filtration?

Answer 48

Using a filter to separate an insoluble solid from a liquid