bonding, structure and properties Flashcards
What are the properties of an alkali metal
- soft
- shiny but tarnish quickly in air
- stored in oil
- react with water to form alkaline solutions
What are the diatomic elements ?
Hydrogen Nitrogen Fluorine Oxygen Iodine Chlorine Bromine
How is covalent bonds formed?
by sharing electrons
How are ionic bonding formed?
By transferting electrons, metals gives away their extra electrons from the outer shells and become positive ions, non-metals accept electrons and become negative ions.
What type of elements are present in covalent bonding?
two non-metals
What type of elements form ionic bonding?
non-metal and a metal
What is the structure of an ionic bonding?
The positive and negative ions are arranged in a 3D structure called ionic lattice
What is the structure of a covalent network?
It forms one large 3D network (diamond)
What is the melting and boiling point of ionic bonding?
High melting point and boiling point as have strong bonds and requires lots of energy to be broken
What is the melting and boiling point of covalent molecular?
Low melting point and boiling point as have weak bonds and doesn’t require a lot of energy
Does covalent bonding conduct electricity?
No
When does ionic bonding conuduct electricity and what is its boiling and melting point?
Doesn’t conduct when solid
Does conduct when liquid
High boiling and melting point
Why can ionic bonding conduct electricity when liquid?
The ions are free to move
What are the shapes of molecules?
Linear(1)
Angular(2)
Pyramidal(3)
Tetrahedral(4)
What is a covalent bond?
Is a shared pair of electrons between two non metal atoms
How are atoms held together?
they electrostatic force of attraction between the positive nuclei of each atom and the negatively charged electrons
Melting point of covalent network
Does it conduct electricity ?
high melting point (diamond)
Doesn’t conduct electricity
In what state does metallic conduct electricity?
As a solid or liquid
What is the melting point of covalent molecular?
low melting point (eg. Sugar, water, carbon dioxide….)
What are metallic bonding made of?
non-metal elements
How are metallic bonding formed?
Forces between positive ions and delocalised electrons
Why metallic bonding conduct electricity?
The delocalised electrons are free to move.
