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Unit 1 chemistry > Acid and alkalis > Flashcards

Acid and alkalis Flashcards

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1
Q

Formula for Hydrochloric Acid

A

HCl

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2
Q

Formula for Nitric Acid

A

HNO3

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3
Q

Formula for Sulfuric Acid

A

H2S04

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4
Q

Formula for Sodium hydroxide (Alkali)

A

NaOH

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5
Q

Formula for Potassium hydroxide (Alkali)

A

KOH

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6
Q

Formula for Calcium hydroxide (Alkali)

A

Ca(OH)2

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7
Q

What does soluble mean ?

A

It can dissolve in water

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8
Q

What does Insoluble mean ?

A

It can’t dissolve in water

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9
Q

What is a solute ?

A

A solid (eg: salt)

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10
Q

What is a solvent ?

A

A liquid (eg: Water)

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11
Q

What is a solution?

A

When a solute disolve in a solvent (eg: sea water)

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12
Q

Where to find solubility of substance from databooklet?

A

page eight

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13
Q

What does saturated mean?

A

Too much solute / when the solute stop dissolving in the solution

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14
Q

What is a precipitate

A

A soluble substance appears in solution

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15
Q

What is the pH of acids?

A

Less than 7

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16
Q

What is the pH of water/ neutral solution?

A

pH of exactly 7

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17
Q

What is the pH of a base/ alkali?

A

pH more than 7

18
Q

What is the pH scale a measure of?

A

The concentration of hydrogen ions in any given solution

19
Q

How can the pH be measured?

A

By universal indicator
pH paper
pH meter

20
Q

What is the name for H+

A

Hydrogen ions

21
Q

What is the name of OH-

A

Hydroxide ions

22
Q

In pure water what is the concentration of H+ and OH- ions?

A

Hydrogen ions = hydroxide ions

23
Q

What ion does all acids contain?

A

H+ / Hydrogen ions

24
Q

Why do acidic and alkaline solutions conduct electricity well?

A

They contain oppositely charged ions that are free to move in solution and can carry charge

25
Q

Formula for Ethanoic acid

A

CH3COOH

26
Q

What is the proportion of hydroxide and hydrogen ions in alkaline solution ?

A

More OH- than H+

27
Q

What happens to the pH and the concentration of an acid when you dilute it?

A

The pH goes up and concentration of the acid goes down

28
Q

What happens to the pH and the concentration of an alkali when you dilute it?

A

The pH goes down and concentration of the alkali goes down

29
Q

If a metal oxide is soluble in water what does it produce ?

A

An alkali

30
Q

If a non metal oxide is soluble in water what does it produce

A

An acid

31
Q

What does acids contain?

A

Charged particles called hydrogen ions

32
Q

what is the difference between a base and an alkali

A

A base is a substance that neutralises an acid
A base that is soluble in an alkali
All alkalis are bases but not all bases are alkalis

33
Q

What is a spectator ion?

A

It’s an ion that exists in the same form on both the reactant and product sides of a chemical reaction

34
Q

what is titration?

A

an experimental method to determine the concentration of an unknown solution.

35
Q

How to recognise hydrogen? (test for hydrogen?)

A

Burns with a pop

36
Q

How to recognise oxygen? (test for oxygen)

A

Relights a glowing splint

37
Q

How to recognise carbon dioxide? (test for carbon dioxide)

A

Turns lime water cloudy

38
Q

What is the name of a metal oxide that do not dissolve in water but is capable of neutralising an acid?

A

a base

39
Q

What are the products of this reaction: Hydrochloric acid + potassium carbonate?

A

potassium chloride + water + carbon dioxide

40
Q

What are the products for this reaction:

Sulfuric acid + Lithium oxide? (write the chemical formula for the salt produced)

A

Lithium sulfate + water

Salt: Lithium Sulfate, formula: Li2SO4

41
Q

What is the formula for Sodium carbonate?

A

Na2CO3

Unit 1 chemistry (5 decks)

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