Bonding & Properties of Matter- Structure & Bonding In Carbon Flashcards
The element ______ has different forms in which the atoms are arranged in different ways. These are diamond, graphite, graphene and fullerenes.
The element carbon has different forms in which the atoms are arranged in different ways. These are diamond, graphite, graphene and fullerenes.
In diamond each carbon atom forms _ covalent bonds with other carbon atoms.
In diamond each carbon atom forms 4 covalent bonds with other carbon atoms.
Diamond is very hard as it is held together by ______ covalent bonds.
Diamond is very hard as it is held together by strong covalent bonds.
Diamond does not conduct electricity as it has no ____ (____________) electrons to ______ the charge.
Diamond does not conduct electricity as it has no free (delocalised) electrons to carry the charge.
Graphite has a structure in which the carbon atoms form layers of _________ rings in which each carbon atom is bonded to _ other carbon atoms.
Graphite has a structure in which the carbon atoms form layers of hexagonal rings in which each carbon atom is bonded to 3 other carbon atoms.
The layers of atoms in ________ are not bonded together and can slide over each other which makes graphite ____ and ________.
The layers of atoms in graphite are not bonded together and can slide over each other which makes graphite soft and slippery.
Graphite can _______ ___________ as one electron from each carbon atom is delocalised.
Graphite can conduct electricity as one electron from each carbon atom is delocalised.
Graphite is a good _______ conductor because of the delocalised electrons which can move through the layers.
Graphite is a good thermal conductor because of the delocalised electrons which can move through the layers.
Graphene is a ______ layer of graphite so is just ___ atom thick.
Graphene is a single layer of graphite so is just one atom thick.
_______ conducts electricity because it has ___________ electrons which can ____ through the structure and carry the ______. it is also very strong.
Graphene conducts electricity because it has delocalized electrons which can move through the structure and carry the charge. it is also very strong.
___________ are molecules of carbon atoms with hollow shapes.
Fullerenes are molecules of carbon atoms with hollow shapes.
Buckminster fullerene (bucky ball) has a formula of ___
Buckminster fullerene (bucky ball) has a formula of C60
Carbon nanotubes have very high ______ to ________ ration.
Carbon nanotubes have very high length to diameter ration.
___________ are finding uses eg to deliver drugs to specific body parts, as catalysts and as reinforcement for composite materials.
Fullerenes are finding uses eg to deliver drugs to specific body parts, as catalysts and as reinforcement for composite materials.
Graphene will help create new developments in the electronics industry in the future.
Graphene will help create new developments in the electronics industry in the future.
what is the main difference between simple covalent molecules and giant covalent molecules
contain millions of covalent bonds
what state are giant covalent substances a room temperature
solids because they have high melting and boiling points
why do giant covalent molecules have high melting and boiling points
they have millions of strong covalent bonds which require lots of energy to break
what is diamond made from
carbon
why is diamond a hard substance
it has millions and millions of carbon atoms
what is the melting point of diamond
over 3700 degrees celsius
what does silicon dioxide contain
silicon chemically bonded to oxygen
silicon dioxide has a really ____ boiling and melting point because of the _____ covalent bonds which require ____ of energy to be _______.
silicon dioxide has a really high boiling and melting point because of the strong covalent bonds which require lots of energy to be broken
what are the three properties of graphite
- soft, slippery
- high melting and boiling point
- good conductor of both electricity and heat
what is the structure of a fullerene atom
usually have hexagonal rings however they can rings with 5, 6 or even 7 carbon atoms
what was the first fullerene molecule to be discovered
buckminsterfullerene
what are the useful properties of carbon nano tubes
- high tensile strength
- stretching force
- deloclised electrons - conduct electricity and heat
- reinforce materials e.g. high end tennis rackets
polymers are very _____ molecules
large
what are the starting molecules called for a polymer
monomers
what are key points
- alkene monomer has a double covalent bond, in the polymer you have single covalent bonds
what is the shorthand way of writing a polymer
the repeating unit
what are the three key ideas about the repeating unit
- shows a single covalent bond
- covalent molecule on the end of the molecule extend out past the bracket
- lowercase n represents a large number
why are polymers solids at room temperature
strong intermolecular forces meaning lots of energy required to break so high melting point
