Atomic Structure- Atomic Structure

Question 1

Neutrons are _______ (relative charge is _) and have a relative mass of _.

Answer 1

Neutrons are neutral (relative charge is 0) and have a relative mass of 1.

Question 2

Protons and neutrons are found in the _______ and _______ _____ the nucleus.

Answer 2

Protons and neutrons are found in the nucleus and electrons orbit the nucleus.

Question 3

Atoms have no overall charge because the number of positive _______ is equal to the number of negative _________.

Answer 3

Atoms have no overall charge because the number of positive protons is equal to the number of negative electrons.

Question 4

The _______ number is the _______ number and is the number of protons.

Answer 4

The atomic number is the smaller number and is number of protons.

Question 5

The mass number is the number of _______ and _________ in total.

Answer 5

The mass number is the number of protons and neutrons in total.

Question 6

Atoms of the same element can have different numbers of neutrons; these atoms are called ________.

Answer 6

Atoms of the same element can have different numbers of neutrons; these atoms are called isotopes.

Question 7

Electrons are arranged in ______ levels (shells). The lowest shell can hold a maximum of _ electrons, the second can hold _ and the third can hold _.

Answer 7

Electrons are arranged in energy levels (shells). The lowest energy level (shell) can hold a maximum of 2 electrons, the second can hold 8 and the third can hold 8.

Question 8

Electrons occupy the ______ available energy level.

Answer 8

Electrons occupy the lowest available energy level.

Question 9

The electronic structure can be shown as a _______ or as _______. Eg for sodium that has 11 electrons, the electronic structure is __,__,__

Answer 9

The electronic structure can be shown as a diagram or as numbers. Eg for sodium that has 11 electrons, the electronic structure is 2,8,1

Question 10

Protons are _______ (relative charge is _1) and have a relative mass of _

Answer 10

Protons are positive (relative charge is +1) and have a relative mass of 1

Question 11

What are the 3 subatomic particles?

Answer 11

Protons, electrons, neutrons

Question 12

Electrons are ________ (relative charge is __) and their relative mass is ____ _____.

Answer 12

Electrons are negative (relative charge is -1) and their relative mass is very small.

Question 13

what is the radius of a atom

Answer 13

0.1 nm
1 x 10^ -10 m

Question 14

what is the radius of a nucleus

Answer 14

1 x 10^-14 m

Question 15

where is nearly all of the mass of an atom found

Answer 15

in the nucleus

Question 16

what do all atoms of the same element have

Answer 16

the same number of protons

Question 17

what are ions

Answer 17

atoms that have an overall charge because they have either gained or lost an electron

Question 18

what does the word abundance mean

Answer 18

how common each isotope is

Question 19

how do you work out the relative atomic mass

Answer 19

(mass number of isotope 1)
x
(percentage abundance of isotope 1)
+
(mass number of isotope 2)
x
(percentage abundance of isotope 2)
all divided by 100

Question 20

what are the energy levels for electrons also sometimes called?

Answer 20

electron shells

Question 21

how many electrons can fit on the first energy shell

Answer 21

2

Question 22

how many electrons can fit on the second energy shell

Answer 22

8

Question 23

how many electrons can fit on the third electron shell

Answer 23

8 - after the 1st shell all shells can fit 8

Question 24

what does the number of electrons in the outer energy level tell us

Answer 24

the group number of that element