bonding and structure Flashcards
define ionic bonding
electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions
give the charge of a carbonate ion
CO32-
give the charge of a nitrate ion
NO3-
give the charge of a hydroxide ion
OH-
give the charge of a sulfate ion
SO42-
give the charge of an ammonium ion
NH4+
what type of structure do ionic compounds have
giant ionic lattice structure
the structure is made of repeating units of identical structure
covalent bond definition
one that contains a shared pair of electrons
stronger than ionic bonds
they’re strong as the shared electrons are attracted to the nucleus of both atoms
describe multiple bonding
atoms can form double or triple covalent bonds
multiple bonds contain shared pair of electrons just like single bonds
multiple bonds are stronger that single bonds
are shorter covalent bonds stronger or weaker than longer covalent bonds?
shorter covalent bonds are stronger
what happens to the length of the covalent bond when more electrons are involved
the length of the bond decreases
whats a dative bond
a covalent bond in which both of the electrons in the bond come from one atom
what is an orbital
a region of space where you are likely to find an electron
whats the shape and geometry of a molecule with a central atom having 2 electron pairs
linear
180 degrees
whats the shape and geometry of a molecule with a central atom having 3 electron pairs
trigonal planar
120 degrees
whats the shape and geometry of a molecule with a central atom having 4 electron pairs
tetrahedral
109.5 degrees
whats the shape and geometry of a molecule with a central atom having 5 electron pairs
trigonal bipyramidal
120 degrees and 90 degrees
whats the shape and geometry of a molecule with a central atom having 6 electron pairs
octahedral
90 degrees
