Bonding Flashcards
Properties of Ionic Compounds
Electrostatic attraction holds positive + negative ions held together
They can conduct electricity when molten or dissolved
Have high melting points. The faint ionic lattices are held together by strong electrostatic forces
Ionic Compounds dissolve in water so it’s soluble .
Properties of Graphite
Conduct electricity as there are delocalised electrons that are free to move
High MP due to many strong covalent bonds
Low Density as layers are far apart compared to Covalent bond length
Layers slide easy as there are weak forces between layers
Give the shape of BeH2 and the bond angle
Shape is linear and bond angle is 180
Give the shape of BF3 and bond angle
Trigonal Planar and bond angle is 120
Give the shape of CH4 and the bond angle
Tetrahedral and bond angle is 109.5
Give the shape of PF5 and the bond angle
Trigonal Bipyramidal and bond angle is 120 & 90
Give the shape of SF6 and the bond angle
Octahedral and bond angle is 90
Give the shape of NH3 and the bond angle
Trigonal Pyramidal and bond angle is 107
Give the shape of H2O and bond angle
Bent and bond angle is 104.5
Give the shape of SO2 and bond angle
Bent and bond angle is 120
Give the Shape of ClF3 and bond angle
T shape and bond angle is 89
Give the Shape of SF4 and bond angle
Distorted Tetrahedron and bond angle is 89 and 118
Give the Shape of XeF2 and bond angle
Linear and bond angle is 180
Give the Shape of XeF4 and bond angle
Square Planar and bond angle is 90
Give the Shape of ClF5
Square Pyramidal and <90
What is Co-ordinate Bonding
Type of covalent bond in which only 1 atom provides the shared pair of electrons and represented by an arrow
What is meant by the Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion Theory?
Lone pair charge clouds repel more than bonding pair charge clouds, so bond angles are reduced
Properties of Diamond
Very High Melting Point due to many strong covalent bonds
Insoluble as the covalent bonds are too strong to break
Doesn’t conduct electricity as it doesn’t have any delocalised electrons
Conducts Heat well as it is a tightly packed rigid molecule
What is Electronegativity?
This is the measure of the tendency of an atom to attract a bonding pair of electrons in a covalent bond
Trend of Electronegativity across a Period?
The Electronegativity increases because Atomic Charge increases and it’s in the same shell
Trend of Electronegativity down a group?
The Electronegativity
Decreases because there is more shielding and the outer most electrons are further away from nucleus. Also decreases despite having more protons
What are Van der Waal forces
Forces that occur between all molecules but are the only forces between non polar molecules
What are Dipole dipole forces
Forces of attraction between polar molecules
What is Hydrogen Bonding?
Force that occurs between molecules which have H covalently bonded to N, O or F. It is the strongest Intermolecular force
