Bonding Flashcards
What is the mass number of atom?
Total number of protons and neutrons
What is the definition of a isotope?
Different atomic forms of the same elements, which have the same number of protons but different number of neutrons
What do the electrons do in covalent bonds?
They share electrons
What elements does covalent bonding happen with?
Non-metals
What are the forces acting on covalent bonds?
Intermolecular
Does covalent bonds have a high or low melting and boiling point?
Low because the forces are very weak
Do covalent bonds conduct electricity?
No because they do not have any free electrons
What is some examples of covalent bonds?
Methane
H2o
Hydrogen chloride
Chlorine
Does giant covalent bonding have high melting and boling points?
Yes because they have stronger bonds as they have giant structures
Do giant covalent bonds conduct electricity?
No apart from graphite
What are some examples of giant covalent bonds?
Diamond, silicon dioxide, graphite
What elements does ionic bonding happen with?
Metals and non metals
What happens to the electrons in ionic bonding?
They give or take
–>Transferring them
What forces are between ionic bonds?
Electrostatic
Does ionic bonds have high melting and boiling points?
Yes because they have string forces to break
Do ionic bonds conduct electricity?
No when a solid
Yes when it’s a liquid because the ions are free to move
Why do ionic bonds give or take electrons?
To get full outer shells
What is an example of ionic bonding?
Sodium chloride
Sodium - gives up its outer electron becoming a NA+1ion
Chlorine - picks up the spare electron becoming a CL-1 ion
What do ions have the electronic structure of?
A noble gas
If they lose electrons they become…?
POSITIVE ions
In groups 1 and 2
If they gain electrons they become…?
NEGATIVE ions
In groups 6 and 7
What elements does metallic bonding happen with?
Metals
What forces does metallic bonds have?
Electrostatic
What is happening to the electrons in metallic bonding?
They become delocalised
How can metals bend?
They have a regular structure in layers
What is an alloy?
A mix of two or more metals
