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Chemistry _Amma > Bonding (4) > Flashcards

Bonding (4) Flashcards

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1
Q

Why do most giant covalent structures not conduct electricity?

A

No free electrons

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2
Q

What are metals?

A

Giant structures

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3
Q

What issues arose in the early versions of the periodic table?

A

Forced elements, wrong grouping, lack of chemical behavior sharing

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4
Q

Why did Mendeleev leave gaps in his Periodic Table?

A

For undiscovered elements.

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5
Q

How do you identify groups and periods?

A

Groups are columns, periods are rows.

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6
Q

What is the key difference between simple covalent molecules and giant covalent structures?

A

Simple covalent molecules have a small and fixed number of atoms, while giant covalent structures have large and variable numbers of atoms.

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7
Q

What was Mendeleev’s contribution to the periodic table?

A

Working to improve it

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8
Q

What was the significance of the discovery of elements like germanium for Mendeleev’s Periodic Table?

A

It confirmed Mendeleev’s theories.

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9
Q

How many elements are in Period 1?

A

2 (hydrogen and helium).

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10
Q

What are polymers?

A

Very large covalent molecules made by linking together large numbers of smaller molecules called monomers.

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11
Q

What are some examples of everyday materials that are polymers?

A

Resins, plastics, polystyrene cups, nylon

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12
Q

What term is given to polymers that are manufactured?

A

Synthetic polymers

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13
Q

What term is used to describe polymers produced by nature?

A

Natural or biological polymers

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14
Q

What happens to valence electrons in metals?

A

Become delocalized

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15
Q

What allows metals to conduct electricity?

A

Delocalized electrons

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16
Q

What type of structure do metals have?

A

Lattice

17
Q

When elements were arranged before subatomic particles were discovered, what was used instead of atomic number?

A

Atomic mass

18
Q

Why were early periodic tables incomplete?

A

Not all elements had been discovered

19
Q

How did Mendeleev organize the elements in the Periodic Table?

A

Vertically based on chemical properties

20
Q

What pattern did Mendeleev notice as he arranged elements horizontally?

A

Chemically similar elements naturally fell into the same columns

21
Q

How did Mendeleev predict the properties of undiscovered elements?

A

By using the properties and trends of known elements.

22
Q

What original name did Mendeleev give to what we know as germanium?

A

Eka-silicon.

23
Q

What happens when you react Group 1 elements with Group 7 elements?

A

Ionic compound formation.

24
Q

How does reactivity change for Group 1 and Group 7 metals?

A

Reactivity increases for Group 1, decreases for Group 7.

25
Q

What is an important factor to consider when breaking down bonds in giant covalent structures?

A

Large amounts of heat energy

26
Q

What did Mendeleev do when some elements didn’t fit the pattern by atomic mass?

A

Left gaps for undiscovered elements

27
Q

How is each monomer in a polymer connected to adjacent units?

A

Via strong covalent bonds.

28
Q

How did Mendeleev maintain consistency in the table?

A

Switched the order of elements down columns

29
Q

Why are polymers generally solid at room temperature?

A

Due to larger intermolecular forces acting between polymer chains than those between simple molecules.

30
Q

Give two examples of common polymers and their uses.

A

Polythene (used in plastic bags) and PVC (used in water pipes).

31
Q

What are some examples of natural or biological polymers?

A

DNA, proteins, silk, wool

32
Q

Who created the first draft of the Periodic Table in 1869?

A

Dmitri Mendeleev

33
Q

What was unique about Mendeleev’s approach to the Periodic Table?

A

Left gaps for future elements

34
Q

What can be done to predict reactivity and establish trends?

A

React elements in groups.

35
Q

What is the opposite trend between metals and non-metals?

A

Opposite trends in reactivity.

36
Q

What element is used as an example to show the formation of both simple molecules and giant lattices?

A

Carbon

Chemistry _Amma (8 decks)

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