Bonding Flashcards
What is an atom?
The smallest part of an element, containing protons, neutrons and electrons
What is an ion?
A charged atom either positive or negative
What is an ionic bond?
A chemical bond formed between oppositely charged ions
What are covalent bonds?
The bonds formed when atoms join together by sharing electrons
What is metallic bonding?
The bonding found in metals, where the atoms donate electrons to give a ‘sea’ of electrons and metal ions
What does malleable mean?
Capable of being hammered into shapes without smashing - a property of metals
What is electrostatic force?
The force of attraction between oppositely charged ions in an ionic bond
What are transition metals?
The large block of metallic elements in the middle of the periodic table
What is a smart alloy?
An alloy, which returns to its original shape when it is heated
What does ductile mean?
Able to be pulled into wires
What is a cation?
A positively charged metal ion
What is an anion?
A negatively charged metal ion
What is an alloy?
A metallic substance formed by combining two or more metals
What are delocalised electrons?
Electrons, which are free to move in a ‘sea’ of electrons in the metal structure
What do metals form when they lose electrons?
Positive ions
What do non-metals form when they lose electrons?
Negative ions
What holds ionic compounds together?
Strong forces of attraction between oppositely charged ions
Do ionic compounds have high or low melting and boiling points?
High
Why do ionic compounds have high melting and boiling points?
There is a strong electrostatic force of attraction between the ions
When do ionic compounds conduct electricity?
When they are molten and the ions are free to move
Why can ionic compounds not conduct electricity when they are solid?
They exist as a crystal lattice of ions so the ions are not free to move
What do delocalised electrons in metals allow them to do?
Conduct electricity and carry the charge
When are covalent bonds formed?
When atoms share electrons
What do many substances, containing covalent bonds, consist of?
Molecules
