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Chemistry > Bonding > Flashcards

Bonding Flashcards

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1
Q

What is an atom?

A

The smallest part of an element, containing protons, neutrons and electrons

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2
Q

What is an ion?

A

A charged atom either positive or negative

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3
Q

What is an ionic bond?

A

A chemical bond formed between oppositely charged ions

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4
Q

What are covalent bonds?

A

The bonds formed when atoms join together by sharing electrons

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5
Q

What is metallic bonding?

A

The bonding found in metals, where the atoms donate electrons to give a ‘sea’ of electrons and metal ions

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6
Q

What does malleable mean?

A

Capable of being hammered into shapes without smashing - a property of metals

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7
Q

What is electrostatic force?

A

The force of attraction between oppositely charged ions in an ionic bond

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8
Q

What are transition metals?

A

The large block of metallic elements in the middle of the periodic table

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9
Q

What is a smart alloy?

A

An alloy, which returns to its original shape when it is heated

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10
Q

What does ductile mean?

A

Able to be pulled into wires

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11
Q

What is a cation?

A

A positively charged metal ion

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12
Q

What is an anion?

A

A negatively charged metal ion

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13
Q

What is an alloy?

A

A metallic substance formed by combining two or more metals

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14
Q

What are delocalised electrons?

A

Electrons, which are free to move in a ‘sea’ of electrons in the metal structure

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15
Q

What do metals form when they lose electrons?

A

Positive ions

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16
Q

What do non-metals form when they lose electrons?

A

Negative ions

17
Q

What holds ionic compounds together?

A

Strong forces of attraction between oppositely charged ions

18
Q

Do ionic compounds have high or low melting and boiling points?

A

High

19
Q

Why do ionic compounds have high melting and boiling points?

A

There is a strong electrostatic force of attraction between the ions

20
Q

When do ionic compounds conduct electricity?

A

When they are molten and the ions are free to move

21
Q

Why can ionic compounds not conduct electricity when they are solid?

A

They exist as a crystal lattice of ions so the ions are not free to move

22
Q

What do delocalised electrons in metals allow them to do?

A

Conduct electricity and carry the charge

23
Q

When are covalent bonds formed?

A

When atoms share electrons

24
Q

What do many substances, containing covalent bonds, consist of?

A

Molecules

25
Q

What do some substances, containing covalent bonds, have?

A

Giant covalent structures

26
Q

When non-metal atoms react together, what do they need to do and why?

A

Fill their outer shell to become stable

27
Q

What do non-metals have to do, when reacting together, to fill their outer shells?

A

Share electrons

28
Q

What is a covalent bond?

A

Atoms sharing electrons so there is a strong bond that joins them together

Chemistry (4 decks)

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