Bonding Flashcards
What is a covalent bond?
The sharing of electrons.
Properties of covalent bonds:
-Giant covalent lattices contain many strong covalent bonds
-Have high melting points.
-Strongest structure and bond (strong electrostatic attraction).
-Do not conduct electricity except graphite.
What are the 4 giant covalent lattices?
-Silicon dioxide
-Silicon
-Graphite
-Dimond
What is an ionic bond?
Strong electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions.
Giant ionic lattices properties:
-Ionic compound conduct electricity when melted or in solution.
-Have high melting points.
-Second strongest structure and bond.
Why do ions lose and gain electrons?
To have a full outer shell and therefore become more energetically stable.
What kind of attraction is between ionic and metallic molecules?
-Strong electrostatic attraction.
-Larger ions (more shells) and lower charges have weaker attraction/
What is a metallic bond?
Strong electrostatic attraction between delocalised electrons and positive ions.
Properties of metallic lattices:
-Can conduct electricity.
-Have high melting points.
-Are ductile and malleable.
-Third strongest structure and bond.
What does ductile mean?
Can be stretched into a wire.
What does malleable mean?
Can be hammered into shape.
Does sodium or potassium have the higher melting point?
Sodium as it is smaller and has a smaller ionic radius than potassium so it will have a stronger electrostatic attraction between the delocalised electrons and positive ions
What is the atomic radius pattern?
-Increases down a group.
-Decreases across a period.
What is atomic radius?
The number of protons increase but energy levels and shielding stay the same.
