bonding Flashcards
covalent radius
half the distance between the nuclei of two atoms which are joined by a covalent bond
electronegativity
measure of the ability of an atom involved in a chemical bond to attract electrons
ionisation energy
the energy required to remove one mole of electrons from one mole of gaseous atoms or ions
atoms that are covalent molecular bonded
H, N, O, F, Cl
molecular solids
P, S
monoatomic gases
He, Ne, Ar
metallic lattice
Li, Be, Na, Mg, Al, K, Ca
covalent network
B, C, Si
what gives a molecule a higher BP
more mass, more e-, more LDFs, more energy required, higher MP BP
poly atomic molecules
P4, S8, C60
difference in electronegativity for a non polar molecule
less than 0.5
difference in electronegativity for a polar molecule
0.5-2.1
difference in electronegativity for an ionic molecule
more than 2.1
across a period covalent radius….
decreases- positive charge on nucleus increases, increased attraction for negative electrons
down a group covalent radius…….
increases, number of electron shells increases, increased shielding
across a period electronegativity….
increases- positive charge on nucleus increases and size of atom decreases
