Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Chemistry > BONDING > Flashcards

BONDING Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Chemistry flashcards Periodic Table flashcards Chemistry 101 flashcards Organic Chemistry 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is ionic compounds

A

Ionic compounds are oppositely charged ions and together by electrostatic attraction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Structures of ionic compounds

A

Most ionic compounds dissolve in water
Conduct electricity when molten
Have high melting points as there are many, strong electrostatic forces between oppositely charged ions lots of energy to overcome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is covalent bonding

A

sharing a pair of outer electrons in order for to obtain a full shell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is dative covalent bonding

A

are where one atom donates 2 electrons to an atom or ion to form a bond

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Examples of giant covalent structures

A

graphite and diamond

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Structure of graphite

A

layers slide easily as there weak forces between the layers
delocalised electrons between the layers allow graphite to conduct electricity as they can carry a charge
low density
insoluble as the covalent bonds are strong to break
high melting point as it has high lots of covalent bonds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Structure of diamond

A

tightly packed, rigid arrangement
very hard
very high melting points due to many strong covalent bonds
doesn’t conduct well as it doesn’t have any delocalised electrons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is needed to work out shape of molecule

A

number of bond pairs and lone pairs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Why do molecules have a specific shape

A

Bonds repel each other equally . bonds contain electrons so they will want to be as far apart as possible

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What do lone pairs do

A

push bonding pairs closer together

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what shape does a bond pair 2 of and a lone pair 0 of have

A

linear 180 degrees

example is BeCl2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what shape does a bond pair 3 of and a lone pair 0 of have

A

Trigonal planar 120 degrees

example is BF3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what shape does a bond pair 4 of and a lone pair 0 of have

A

tetrahedral 109.5

example is CH4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what shape does a bond pair 5 of and a lone pair 0 of have

A

trigonal bipyramidal 90 120

example is PCl5

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what shape does a bond pair 6 of and a lone pair 0 of have

A

octahedral 90

Example is SF6

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what shape does a bond pair 3 of and a lone pair 1 of have

A

pyramidal 107

example is NH3

17
Q

what shape does a bond pair 2 of and a lone pair 2 of have

A

bent 104.5

example is H20

18
Q

what shape does a bond pair 3 of and a lone pair 2 of have

A

trigonal planar 120

example is ClF3

19
Q

what shape does a bond pair 4 of and a lone pair 2 of have

A

square planar 90

example is XeF4

20
Q

what is electronegativity

A

the ability for an atom to attract electrons toward itself in a covalent bond

21
Q

what happens if there is a more electronegative element

A

pushes itself towards the more electronegative one

22
Q

the bigger the difference in electronegativity

A

the more polar the bond will be

23
Q

what are all the intermolecular forces in order from strongest to weakest

A

hydrogen bonding
permanent dipole dipole
van der Waals

24
Q

when does van der waals exist

A

when 2 molecules or atoms are near by

25
Q

The more van der waals forces

A

the bigger the molecule or atom

26
Q

what happens when we boil a liquid

A

we are breaking the van der waals forces not covalent

27
Q

where do permanent dipole dipole exist

A

in molecules with a polarity

28
Q

what do PDD involve

A

molecules with a permanent dipole and so are stronger

29
Q

what is hydrogen bonding

A

strongest intermolecular forces and occurs when you have very electronegative elements

30
Q

molecules with h bonding also have

A

VDW and PDD

31
Q

How are + ions formed

A

metals donate electrons to for a ‘sea’ of delocalised electrons . there is a n electrostatic attraction between + metal ions and - delocalised electrons . the more electron an atom can donate to the delocalised system the higher the melting points

32
Q

structure of metals

A

good thermal conductors as the delocalised electrons can transfer kinetic energy
high melting point due to strong electrostatic force of attraction
metals insoluble as the bonding is too strong to break
good electrical conductors because the delocalised electrons can carry a current

Chemistry (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions