Bolded Terms Flashcards
Blackout
Sudden disruption of electrical power
Contactor
It is used in control circuits.
Current
The flow of particles charged by electricity.
Alternating Current (AC)
Current flowing from zero to a positive maximum and then back to zero, flows down again to a negative maximum to return back to zero.
Direct Current (DC)
Current produced by storage battery or electromagnetic induction, with a unidirectional flow.
Diesel Engine
An internal combustion engine in which fuel oil is burnt by heat produced from air compression. The most commonly bought Industrial Diesel Engines are either Rebuilt Diesel Engine or Used Diesel Engine.
Distribution
Supply of lower voltage electric power from a centralized substation to the point of end use.
Generator
A utility device that converts mechanical energy into electrical energy, available either in the form of direct or alternating current.
Backup Generators
Used for fulfilling emergency load requirement during sudden shortage of power.
Diesel Generator
Starts up and generates power automatically during power cut.
Dynamo
A mechanical device that converts mechanical energy into electrical energy through electromagnetic induction process.
Electric Generator
Generates electricity from a source of mechanical energy.
Engine Generator
Generates electric power with the help of natural gas or diesel reciprocating engine.
Gensets
A handy power generator, converting fuel into electrical power through mechanical ways. Clip-on gensets and Underslung gensets are most popular.
Motor Generator
Normally used either to regulate or condition power from a raw power source like electric utility grid.
Non-Utility Generator
Connected to an electric utility system, Non-utility Generator generates electricity specifically for those not owned by an electric utility.
Standby Generator
Used for power backup in home, Standby Generator is driven by gasoline or LP gas.
Binary-Cycle Power Plant
A geothermal electricity generating plant using heat from lower temperature reservoirs. The technology uses the heat of the geothermal fluid (the “primary fluid”) to vaporize a “working fluid” with a lower boiling point, which drives a turbine/generator set to generate electricity.
Brine
Subsurface fluids containing appreciable amounts of sodium chloride or other salts, from which lithium can be extracted
British Thermal Unit (Btu)
The quantity of heat required to raise the temperature of one pound of water one degree Fahrenheit at standard conditions. (Equal to 252 calories.)
Direct Use
Use of geothermal heat without first converting it to electricity, such as for space heating and cooling, food preparation, industrial processes, etc.
Drilling
Boring into the Earth to access geothermal resources, usually with oil and gas drilling equipment that has been modified to meet geothermal requirements.
Geology
Study of the planet Earth—its composition, structure, natural processes, and history.
Geophones
Also known as downhole sensors, these collect high-resolution, real-time micro-seismic data to inform how a geothermal reservoir is growing. Geothermal developers need this information to adjust operations and design the most effective and efficient EGS
Geothermal
Of or relating to the Earth’s interior heat.
Geothermal District Heating (GDH)
A type of direct use in which a utility system supplies multiple users with hot water or steam from a central plant or well field through a distribution network.
Magma
Molten rock within the Earth, from which igneous rock is formed by cooling.
Machine Learning
The use of advanced algorithms to identify patterns and make inferences from data. Machine learning and artificial intelligence can provide insights on large, complicated datasets, including those used to analyze geothermal energy. The rapidly advancing field of machine learning offers substantial opportunities for technology advancement and cost reduction throughout the geothermal project lifecycle, from resource exploration to power plant operations.
Mantle
The Earth’s inner layer of molten rock, lying beneath the Earth’s crust and above the Earth’s core of liquid iron and nickel.
3-phase power
a three-wire ac power circuit with each phase signal 120 electrical degrees apart
aerator
a forced-air system used to aerate water
Anadromous fish
fish that begin their life cycle in freshwater, then migrate as juveniles to the ocean where they grow into adults and finally migrate back into freshwater to spawn.
angled bar racks
structural guidance systems used to direct downstream migrating fish toward bypasses and sluiceways rather than passing through a hydropower turbine. They do not physically exclude fish from powerhouse intakes but create conditions that discourage fish from entering the intakes.
appurtenant facilities
the non-integral components or aspects of a hydropower facility such as substations and transmission lines.
bathtub spillway
double side-channel spillway
bifurcation
division of water flow into two branches such as when one penstock flow is split to drive two water turbines.
diadromous
a general category describing fish who spend portions of their life cycle in both fresh water and salt water. These represent both anadromous and catadromous fish.
geomorphic
relating to the earth’s surface
geomorphological
relating to the form or surface features of the earth
geopolitical
relating to international political relations as influenced by geographical factors.
Gezhouba Group
China Gezhouba Group Corporation or Energy China
global warmin
the gradual long-term increase in the temperature of earth’s surface and atmosphere when gasses from human activities, such as carbon dioxide from the burning fossil fuels, trap heat from solar radiation in the atmosphere (analogous to the greenhouse effect) by reducing reflection of infra-red radiation and heat back out and away from the earth’s atmosphere into outer space
global warming emissions from reservoirs
after an area is flooded with a new hydropower reservoir in tropical areas the covered vegetation and soil decompose and release carbon dioxide and methane which contributes to global warming over the lifetime of the reservoir.
levelized cost (per unit produced)
is calculated as present value of lifetime costs divided by total lifetime units of energy produced. Used to compare kilowatt hour cost for different types of production such as water power, wind power, solar power, etc.
Levelized Cost of Energy
lifetime per-unit cost - the present value of lifetime costs divided by lifetime units produced. Used to compare kilowatt hour cost for different types of power production.
levelized tariff
lifetime per-unit tariff - the present value of lifetime tariffs divided by lifetime units subject to various tariff rates.
Light-Penetrating Effect
where sunlight penetration into water is increased due to a reduction in suspended sediments or decreased flow velocity.
