Body Systems And Regions Flashcards
Cardiovascular
Transport nutrients, chemical messengers and wastes in the blood
MO: heart and blood vessels
Respiratory
Adds oxygen to the blood and removes carbon dioxide from blood, eliminates wastes and non-digestible fiber in food
MO: mouth, salivary glands, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, intestines, pancreas, liver, gallbladder
Urinary
Removes nitrogenous waste, maintains body fluid volume, pH, and electrolyte levels through urine production
MO: kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, urethra
Integumentary
Provides a protective barrier for the body and aids in production of vitamin D; eliminations some waste; contains sensory receptors for pain, tough and temperature; fat provides insulation
MO: skin and skin structures (hair, nails, sweat glands and oil glands )
Lymphatic and immune
Returns fluid to blood; carries dietary lipids from GI tract to blood; detects and eliminates disease-causing organisms
MO: lymphatic vessels, lymph node, spleen, thymus, bone marrow, tonsils
Skeletal
Protects major organs, provides levers and support for body movement; bone marrow contains stem cells that produce blood cells, and is site for maturation of lymphocytes
MO: bones and cartilage
Muscular
Moves bones and maintains posture; major source of body heat
MO: skeletal muscles and tendons
Nervous
Controls cell function with electrical signals; helps control body homeostasis
MO: brain, spinal cord, nerves and special sense organs
Endocrine
Controls cell function with hormones; helps control body homeostasis
MO: hypothalamus, pituitary gland, pineal gland, thymus, thyroid gland, pancreas m, adrenal glands, ovaries and testes
Reproductive
Produces gametes and sex hormones; female uterus provides environment for development of fetus
Organs in males: testes, ductus deferents, penis
Organs in females: ovaries, uterine tubes uterues, vagina
Cranial cavity and vertebral canal
Contains the brain, and its continuous with the vertebral canal that contains the spinal cord
Thoracic cavity
Space inclosed by the ribs, sternum and vertebral column. This cavity contains three small cavities
Pericardial
Peri = around , cardia = heart
Contain the heart
Pleural cavity
Pleuro = side or ribs
Each pleural cavity contains a lung
Mediastinum
Media = middle, stinum = partition
a central area within the thoracic cavity, extends from neck to diaphragm and from sternum to the vertebral column
Contains: heart, thymus glands, esophagus, trachea, blood vessels and bronchi
Diaphragm
Separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity
Abdominopelvic cavity
Consists of two continuous cavities which are the abdominal and pelvic cavity
Abdominal cavity
The superior portion, located between the diaphragm and the brim of the pelvis
Contains: stomach, liver gallbladder, pancreas, spleen, small intestines, kidneys appendix, and part of the large intestines
Peritoneal cavity
Peritoneal cavity (Retroperitoneal)
Contains most abdominal organs.
A few organs are retroperitoneal, or located posterior to the peritoneum
Pancreas, kidneys, adrenal glands, and ports of large and small intestines, aorta and inferior vena cave
Pelvic cavity
Inferior portion of the abdominopelvic cavity,
Contains parts of large intestines, rectum, urinary bladder, female reproductive organs, male reproductive organs,
Testes and penis are not located in the pelvic cavity but are located inferior to it
Serous membranes
Composed of two layers, visceral layer and partial layer
Visceral
Visceral (Viscera = internal organs) , covers the organ
Parietal layers
(Paries = wall) layer attaches to and covers the ventral body wall
Thoracic serous membranes
Pleura = covers the lungs
Pericardium = covers the heart
Peritoneum = covers abdominal organs in the peritoneal cavity
Body regions (Top right and lower left)
Right hypochondriac (hypo = under, chondro= cartilage)
Epigastric
