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Medical Terminology > Body Systems and Abnormal Conditions > Flashcards

Body Systems and Abnormal Conditions Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

athero

A

yellow fatty plaque

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2
Q

phlebo

A

vein

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3
Q

thrombo

A

blood clot

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4
Q

vaso

A

vessel

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5
Q

aneurysm

A

ballooning of blood vessel

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6
Q

angina

A

chest pain due to cardiovascular problems

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7
Q

arrhythmia

A

irregular heart beat

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8
Q

atherosclerosis

A

plaque buildup/ hardening of the arteries

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9
Q

congenital

A

during gestation

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10
Q

embolism

A

dislodged blood clot

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11
Q

endocarditis

A

inflammation of heart valves

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12
Q

rheumatic heart disease

A

caused by strep

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13
Q

thrombosis

A

formation of blood clot inside vessel

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14
Q

varicose veins

A

dilated/ tortuous veins

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15
Q

lymphadeno

A

lymph nodes

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16
Q

lymphangio

A

lymph vessels

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17
Q

anemia

A

deficiency of blood

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18
Q

dyscrasia

A

abnormal condition of the blood

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19
Q

leukemia

A

neoplasm of WBC’s

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20
Q

lymphadenitis

A

inflammation of a lymph node

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21
Q

sarcoidosis

A

granulomatous process

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22
Q

thymoma

A

tumor of thymus

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23
Q

stomato-

A

opening

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24
Q

aphagia/dysphagia

A

inability/difficulty in swallowing

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25
Q

colelithiasis/-cystitis

A

gallstone/gallbladder inflammation

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26
Q

cirrhosis

A

scarring of liver/ poor liver function

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27
Q

diverticulosis

A

condition of having diverticula (outpockings of colonic mucosa/ submucosa)

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28
Q

edentulous

A

condition of being without teeth

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29
Q

esophageal varices

A

dilated submucosal veins in esophagus

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30
Q

hematemesis

A

vomiting of blood

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31
Q

hemorrhoids

A

swollen veins in rectum/anus

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32
Q

intussusception

A

bowel telescopes in on itself

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33
Q

leukoplakia

A

white plaque (usually in oral cavity)

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34
Q

volvulus

A

twisting of bowel

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35
Q

atelo

A

incomplete/ inappropriate expansion (usually of lung)

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36
Q

spiro

A

respiration

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37
Q

atelectasis

A

collapsed portion of lung

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38
Q

bronchioectasis

A

abnormally expanded bronchi

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39
Q

-ectasis

A

expansion

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40
Q

cor pulmonale

A

failure of right side of heart due to high BP in pulmonary arteries/right ventricle

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41
Q

hamartoma

A

benign lesion where normal elements of structure have formed a non functional mass

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42
Q

pneumoconiosis

A

“black lung” from inhaling coal dust

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43
Q

pneumothorax

A

air in thorax b/t lung and chest wall

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44
Q

pyelo

A

renal pelvis

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45
Q

anuria

A

lack of urine

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46
Q

dysuria

A

painful urination

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47
Q

hematuria

A

blood in the urine

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48
Q

hydronephrosis

A

expansion of kidney b/c of back up of urine

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49
Q

hypernephroma

A

renal cell carcinoma

50
Q

nephrolithiasis

A

kidney stone

51
Q

renal calculi

A

kidney stone

52
Q

pyelonephritis

A

renal pelvis inflammation

53
Q

Wilm’s tumor

A

caused by smoking

54
Q

uremia

A

uric acid in the blood

55
Q

crino-

A

secrete

56
Q

hypophyso

A

pituitary

57
Q

acromegaly

A

enlargement of extremities

58
Q

Addison’s disease

A

hypo function of adrenals

59
Q

cretinism

A

congenital hypothyroidism

60
Q

Cushing syndrome

A

hyper function of the adrenals

61
Q

gynecomastia

A

abnormal growth of breast tissue in men

62
Q

panhypopituitarism

A

entire pituitary is malfunctioning

63
Q

myxedema

A

(thyroid condition) mucus edema

64
Q

adenomyosis

A

endometrial glands enter into myometrium

65
Q

dyspareunia

A

painful sexual intercourse

66
Q

endometriosis

A

endometrium sloughs out through fallopian tubes, implants on peritoneal surfaces/ ovary

67
Q

hydrosalpinx

A

fallopian tube obstructed, collection of fluid

68
Q

abruptio placenta

A

separation of the placenta from its attachment to the uterine wall

69
Q

lochia

A

vaginal discharge after giving birth

70
Q

meconium

A

contents of fetus’s GI tract

71
Q

parturition

A

action of giving birth

72
Q

preeclampsia/ eclampsia

A

“hypertensive” disorder of pregnancy; seizures/ coma

73
Q

azospermia

A

no live sperm

74
Q

cryptorchidism

A

undescended testis (hidden)

75
Q

epi-/hypospadias

A

inproperly placed urethral meatus

76
Q

hydrocele

A

fluid filled sac in scrotum

77
Q

phimosis

A

foreskin cannot be extended over glans penis

78
Q

varicocele

A

enlargement of venous plexus in scrotum

79
Q

rhabdomyo-

A

skeletal muscle

80
Q

bursitis

A

swelling/irritation of bursa

81
Q

Dupuytren’s contracture

A

contracture of ligaments

82
Q

fibromyalgia

A

pain in joints, muscle, tendons, other soft tissue

83
Q

gout

A

uric acid buildup in blood leads to arthritis

84
Q

tenosynovitis

A

inflammation of synovial sheath

85
Q

osteomyelitis

A

bone infection/inflammation

86
Q

hemiparesis

A

weakness on one side of the body

87
Q

meningocele

A

hernial protrusion of meninges through defect in cranium or vertebral column

88
Q

spina bifida

A

incomplete closing of embryonic neural tube

89
Q

hidro

A

sweat

90
Q

phako

A

lens of eye

91
Q

sebo

A

sebum

92
Q

steato

A

fat

93
Q

unguo

A

nail

94
Q

actinic keratosis

A

premalignant condition of thick, crusty, scaly patches of skin

95
Q

bulla

A

large blister

96
Q

cicatrix

A

scar

97
Q

comedone

A

blackheads

98
Q

decubitus ulcer

A

pressure ulcer

99
Q

eccymosis

A

blood in subcutaneous tissue (purpora)

100
Q

hemangioma

A

tumor of endothelial cells lining blood vessels

101
Q

keloid

A

extra scar tissue

102
Q

macule

A

flat distinct discolored area of skin

103
Q

nevus

A

skin lesion

104
Q

papule

A

small projection from surface of skin

105
Q

petechiae

A

small hemorrhage

106
Q

psoriasis

A

skin redness/ irritation

107
Q

pruritis

A

itching

108
Q

scleroderma

A

hardening of skin

109
Q

seborrehic keratosis

A

wart like growths on skin

110
Q

tinea

A

fungus

111
Q

urticaria

A

hives

112
Q

verruca

A

wart

113
Q

vesicle

A

fluid filled

114
Q

vitiligo

A

irregular pigmentation

115
Q

dacro

A

tear ducts/ tears

116
Q

uveo

A

iris and ciliary body/ choroid

117
Q

chalazion

A

mass formed by enlargement of sebacious glands

118
Q

cholesteatoma

A

collection of fat, calcified in middle ear

119
Q

keratoconus

A

eye disease effecting structure of cornea

120
Q

otosclerosis

A

abnormal bone growth in middle ear

121
Q

presbycusis/opia

A

age related hearing loss/ vision loss

122
Q

pterygium

A

benign growth of conjunctiva

Medical Terminology (12 decks)

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