Body systems

Question 1

What is a Body system?

Answer 1

A group of body cells, organs or structures that work together to perform a particular function.

Question 2

Diffusion?

Answer 2

The net of movement of particles from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration.

Question 3

Catalysts

Answer 3

Substances that speed up chemical reactions

Question 4

Enzymes

Answer 4

Biological catalysts. They are proteins in our body that increase the rate of metabolic reactions.

Question 5

Metabolisms

Answer 5

chemical reactions

Question 6

What does Metabolism allow your body to do?

Answer 6

• Grow
• reproduce
• maintain structure
• respond to the environment

Question 7

Catabolism

Answer 7

Simple molecules broken down to supply energy for bodily functions

Question 8

Anabolism

Answer 8

Simple molecules used to build complex molecules

Question 9

The purpose of an Enzyme?

Answer 9

build to catalyse a certain type of reaction

Question 10

Macronutrients

Answer 10

Need in larger amounts

Question 11

Micronutrients

Answer 11

need in smaller amounts

Question 12

Where do we get micronutrients

Answer 12

Vitamins and minerals

Question 13

Where do we get macronutrients

Answer 13

Protein, fat, and carbs

Question 14

Levels of organisation?

Answer 14

structures in nature with higher and lower relationships but are connected together (this only applies to living organisms)

Question 15

Polymers

Answer 15

Large molecules made up of long chains or networks of smaller molecules called monomers

Question 16

Monomers

Answer 16

a molecule of any class compounds, mostly organic and can react with polymers

Question 17

What is the Alveoli

Answer 17

• one cell thick walls
• surrounded by capillaries
• Moist surface

Question 18

How many components are in blood

Answer 18

4: Plasma, white blood cells, platelets, red blood cells

Question 19

Cellular respiration

Answer 19

the process of producing energy by breaking down glucose in the presence of oxygen

Question 20

Nervous system

Answer 20

coordinates various muscles and glands in order to respond to changes in the internal and external environments.

Question 21

2 main parts of the nervous system

Answer 21

Central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral nervous system (PNS)

Question 22

What is the nervous system made up of

Answer 22

neurons

Question 23

Where are sensory neurons found?

Answer 23

PNS

Question 24

What is the role of a sensory neuron?

Answer 24

Carry information to the receptors in the CNS

Question 25

where are the motor neuron found?

Answer 25

PNS

Question 26

Whats the role of a motor neuron?

Answer 26

Carry information from the CNS to the effectors (muscle and glands) so they can respond

Question 27

Where are the interneuron found?

Answer 27

CNS

Question 28

What's the role of the interneuron

Answer 28

Carry information between neurons of all types

Question 29

Stimulus response model

Answer 29

A simple way to represent actions in the nervous system

Question 30

Stimulus

Answer 30

any factor that stimulates a receptor and brings out a response

Question 31

Reflex

Answer 31

is a quick , involuntary (automatic) action to protect the body from danger

Question 32

What does a conscious action look like?

Answer 32

Stimulus --> receptor--> Brain--> effector--> response

Question 33

What does a reflex action look like

Answer 33

stimulus--> recpetor---> spinal cord--> effector--> response

Question 34

reflex arc

Answer 34

A simple nerve pathway

Question 35

Gland

Answer 35

a group of cells or discrete structure in the body that produces specific hormones

Question 36

Hormone

Answer 36

is a chemical substance that acts on specific cells in another part of the body from where it is made ( called target cells ) to alter their function

Question 37

Endocrine system

Answer 37

A complex network of glands and organs which use hormones to control and coordinate your body's metabolism, reproduction, energy level and growth.

Question 38

Pituitary gland

Answer 38

-Coordinates the endocrine system - Called the master gland - responds to information form the hypothalamus gland - located in the brain

Question 39

Hypothalamus

Answer 39

- Constantly check internal conditions and responds - links the nervous system and endocrine systems - secretes hormones to the pituitary gland

Question 40

Homeostasis

Answer 40

the body's ability to maintain stable internal conditions in the face of changing external conditions

Question 41

What conditions do our bodies need to control?

Answer 41

-temperature - blood pressure - energy levels - heart rate

Question 42

Thermoregulation

Answer 42

How we maintain a stable body temperature

Question 43

Endotherm

Answer 43

generate own heat

Question 44

ectotherm

Answer 44

relies on external environment for heat

Question 45

Positive feedback

Answer 45

response increases stimulus

Question 46

negative feedback

Answer 46

response decreases stimulus