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Science Yr8 > Body Systems > Flashcards

Body Systems Flashcards

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1
Q

What is digestion and where is it found in the body?

A

DIgestion is the act of breaking down food into smaller nutrient chemicals for absorption, done by the body. It is the digestion system’s responsibility to digest the food.

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2
Q

What are the two different types of digestion? And give examples of what it is and where it is found.

A
  • Mechanical is when your body physically digests the food. For example, crushing and grinding, it can be found in the mouth.
  • Chemical digestion is when the food is digested by chemicals. For example, enzymes crushing food in the stomach.
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3
Q

What is peristalsis?

A

The coordinated contraction and relaxation of circular muscles in the wall of the digestive tract that pushes food forward.

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4
Q

What is the anus?

A

The opening at the end of the digestive system from which faeces (poo) leaves the body.

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5
Q

What is an esophagus?

A

The long tube transports the crushed food from the mouth to the stomach.

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6
Q

What is the gall bladder?

A

A small sack below the liver. It stores the bile produced by the liver and releases bile into the small intestine.

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7
Q

What is the large intestine?

A

The shorter wider tube after the small intestine. It’s responsible for absorbing water.

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8
Q

What is the liver?

A

A large organ that makes bile that neutralises stomach acid.

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9
Q

What is the mouth?

A

The first part of the digestive system, where food enters the body and is broken down with saliva.

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10
Q

What is the pancreas?

A

A gland below the stomach which makes lots of chemicals called enzymes that help break down food.

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11
Q

What is the small intestine?

A

The long thin winding tube that food goes through after it leaves the stomach. it is responsible for the absorption of nutrients and minerals.

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12
Q

What is the stomach?

A

A sack-like muscular organ that is attached to the esophagus. When food enters the stomach, it is churned with lots of acid.

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13
Q

Amylase. Where is it made what is its function and where does it work.

A

It is made in the pancreas, the small intestines, and the salivary glands. It breaks down carbohydrates into glucose. It works in the mouth and smaller intestine.

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14
Q

Protease. Where is it made, what is its function and where does it work?

A

It is made in the stomach, pancreas, and small intestine. Its function is to break down proteins into amino acids. It works in the small intestine and stomach.

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15
Q

Lipase. Where is it made, what is its function and where does it work?

A

It is made in the pancreas and small intestine. Its function is to break down fats into glycerol and fatty acids. It is used in the small intestine.

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16
Q

What is the purpose of the circulatory system?

A

It transports oxygen from the lungs to other parts of the body.

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17
Q

What brings the deoxygenated blood into the heart

A

Superior in inferior Vena Cava

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18
Q

What is the aorta?

A

It takes the oxygenated blood back into the body

19
Q

What are the left and right atria do?

A

They are the two upper chambers of the heart

20
Q

What does the pulmonary artery do

A

It takes the deoxygenated blood to the lungs

21
Q

What takes the deoxygenated blood back to the heart?

A

The pulmonary vein

22
Q

What is the tricuspid valve?

A

The valve in the right side of the heart

23
Q

What is the mitral valve?

A

The valve in the left side of the heart

24
Q

What is the valve in the pulmonary artery?

A

The pulmonary valve (simple)

25
Q

What is the valve that goes into the aorta

A

The aortic valve

26
Q

What are arteries?

A

They bring oxygenated blood away at high pressure. Arteries have thick muscular walls and a small lumen space to carry the blood.

27
Q

What are veins?

A

The veins bring the deoxygenated blood to the heart travelling at low pressures. Veins usually have a smaller wall than arteries. They also have valves to make sure the blood only goes one way.

28
Q

What are capillaries?

A

capillaries let substances be changed between body cells. They are only one cell thick, which makes the capillaries exchange plasma or different substances that are essential for the cell’s metabolism.

29
Q

What is the function of the respiratory system?

A

It takes oxygen in from the air, into the lungs and take waste carbon dioxide out of the body.

30
Q

What is the main function of the nasal cavity?

A

The filtration of the air is helped by the mucus and cilia.

31
Q

What is the pharynx?

A

The muscular tube at the back of the nose and throat.

32
Q

What is the larnyx?

A

It contains the vocal cords and connects the pharynx to the trachea.

33
Q

What is the epiglottis?

A

A flap of cartilage that seals the trachea (windpipe) during eating so food isn’t inhaled.

34
Q

What is bronchi and bronchioles?

A

The bronchi are the first branches of the trachea while bronchioles are the second branches of the trachea.

35
Q

What is the trachea?

A

A long tube that connects the larynx to the bronchi.

36
Q

What is the purpose of the excretory system?

A

To get rid of waste your body has produced.

37
Q

What are the renal arteries?

A

Carry blood from the kidneys to the Aorta.

38
Q

What are the renal veins?

A

Carries blood from the kidney to the vena carva

39
Q

What is the kidney?

A

This organ removes waits and extra fluid from the body. It filters the blood of urea and other harmful substances.

40
Q

What is the ureter?

A

It carries the waist from the kidneys to the bladder.

41
Q

What is the urethra?

A

It carries urine from the bladder to the outside of the body.

42
Q

What is the bladder?

A

An organ of stretchy tissue that stores urin.

43
Q
A
44
Q
A

Science Yr8 (3 decks)

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