Body System Flashcards
What affects enzyme efficiency
pH and temperature
Smooth muscle action that guides the food down the espophgus
Peristalsis
Process of physically breaking down food
Mechanical digestion
What is Chemical digestion
Breaking down foods to be small enough to be absorbed into cells
Enzymes produced by the pancreas
Trypsin for protein
Amylase for starch
Lipase for lipids
What differences would a carnivore’s digestive system have compared to a herbivore’s
Shorter cecum
Longer small intestine
Shorter large intestine
What enzyme digests lactose and what does lactose become
Lactase
Glucose + galactose
What enzyme digests sucrose and what does sucrose become
Sucrase
Glucose + fructose
Digestion of starch
Becomes maltose then glucose and is absorbed into capillaries of villi
Digestion of lipids
Becomes glycerol + fatty acids then is absorbed into lacteal of villi
Digestion of protein
Becomes peptides then amino acids and is absorbed into capillaries of villi
Three forms of respiration
External - salamanders
Internal - fishes
Lungs - humans
What do buffers do
Moderate changes but does not prevent changes in pH
The way an insects respiratory system works
Air enters their body through tiny holes called spiracles and diffuse directly to the tissue through the tracheal system
What does Boyle’s Law state
That as pressure increases, volume decrease
P1V1 = P2V2
