Body System Flashcards

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1
Q

What affects enzyme efficiency

A

pH and temperature

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2
Q

Smooth muscle action that guides the food down the espophgus

A

Peristalsis

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3
Q

Process of physically breaking down food

A

Mechanical digestion

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4
Q

What is Chemical digestion

A

Breaking down foods to be small enough to be absorbed into cells

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5
Q

Enzymes produced by the pancreas

A

Trypsin for protein
Amylase for starch
Lipase for lipids

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6
Q

What differences would a carnivore’s digestive system have compared to a herbivore’s

A

Shorter cecum
Longer small intestine
Shorter large intestine

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7
Q

What enzyme digests lactose and what does lactose become

A

Lactase
Glucose + galactose

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8
Q

What enzyme digests sucrose and what does sucrose become

A

Sucrase
Glucose + fructose

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9
Q

Digestion of starch

A

Becomes maltose then glucose and is absorbed into capillaries of villi

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10
Q

Digestion of lipids

A

Becomes glycerol + fatty acids then is absorbed into lacteal of villi

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11
Q

Digestion of protein

A

Becomes peptides then amino acids and is absorbed into capillaries of villi

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12
Q

Three forms of respiration

A

External - salamanders
Internal - fishes
Lungs - humans

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13
Q

What do buffers do

A

Moderate changes but does not prevent changes in pH

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14
Q

The way an insects respiratory system works

A

Air enters their body through tiny holes called spiracles and diffuse directly to the tissue through the tracheal system

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15
Q

What does Boyle’s Law state

A

That as pressure increases, volume decrease
P1V1 = P2V2

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16
Q

3 main components of a true circulatory system

A

Fluid (blood)
Tubes (blood vessels)
Muscular pump (heart)

17
Q

What is an open circulatory system

A

Where there is no vessels and the blood would flow freely being pumped by the heart

18
Q

What is a closed circulatory system

A

Where blood is transferred to the rest of the body through a complex system of tubes and is pumped by the heart with high pressure

19
Q

What carries blood from the heart to the capillaries

A

Arteries

20
Q

What carries blood from the capillaries to the heart

A

Veins

21
Q

What effects stroke volume

A

How easily your heart fills with blood and how readily it empties

22
Q

Order of the heart beat on an ECG monitor

A

P - Q - R - S - T

23
Q

ECG what is happening during P - Q

A

Atrial depolarization caused by the SA node being triggered and the pump of blood in the right atrium

24
Q

ECG what is happening during Q - S

A

Ventricular depolarization where the ventricular is pumped

25
Q

ECG what is happening during S - T

A

Ventricular repolarization where the heart relaxes and regains it’s ability to depolarize again

26
Q

What effects cardio output

A

Stroke volume and heart rate
Output = stroke X rate