Body In Motion Critical Q's 2 & 3

Question 1

List the health-related components of fitness

Answer 1

• cardiorespiratory endurance
• muscular strength
• muscular endurance
• flexibility
• body composition

Question 2

What is cardiorespiratory endurance

Answer 2

Supply of oxygen to the muscles in order for them to perform.
High oxygen supply to the muscle ensures that muscles work for longer and at higher intensities.

Question 3

How do you measure cardiorespiratory endurance

Answer 3

Shuttle beep tests
which allows us to see the amount of oxygen an individual can uptake as the intensity of the exercise increases
If individual is physically fit the oxygen supplied to their muscles will be sufficient

Question 4

What is muscular strength?

Answer 4

• The force produced by muscles can be tested through

Question 5

How can muscular strength be tested through ( not physical test )

Answer 5

speed of contractions, load, range of movement and condition of the muscles

Question 6

What is absolute strength?

Answer 6

the maximum amount force that can be applied in one single movement ( 1 RM , repetition maximum )

Question 7

What is muscle hypertrophy?

Answer 7

• Muscle hypertrophy = increasing strength leading to increase in muscles

Question 8

How do you measure muscular strength?

Answer 8

Dynamometer test
Tightness of grasp determines strength a it tests the max force applicable in one movement and how much strength can be produced in this movement measure in 1RM

Question 9

What is muscular endurance?

Answer 9

• Measures how long various muscle groups an continue to exert force without stopping due to fatigue

Question 10

What is an effective test for muscular endurance?

Answer 10

Sit up test
How many assisted situps an individual can do in 60 seconds.
Test ability of muscle groups to perform without stopping.

Question 11

What is flexibility?

Answer 11

Range of movement at a particular point

Question 12

What does flexibility depend on?

Answer 12

Elasticity of the tissue
Amount of surrounding tissue
Shape of the joint

Question 13

What does flexibility help with?

Answer 13

Prevents injury 
Improve posture
Improves blood circulation 
Prevents development of lower back pain later in life
Strengthen muscles

Question 14

How is flexibility measured?

Answer 14

Sit and reach test

• measures elasticity
• assess lower back and hamstring flexibility
• beneficial to athlete to assess range of movement
• strengthen muscles and prevent injury

Question 15

What is body composition

Answer 15

The percentage of fat, bone and water..

Question 16

What does body composition tell us about weight?

Answer 16

It is not a good indicator of health as body builders weigh a lot but have low fat body content

Question 17

What are essential fats?

Answer 17

Fats that everyone needs as they surround vital organs

Question 18

What can the absence of essential fats do? Why?

Answer 18

Cause chronic health problems as essential fats protect insulate and absorb shock to these organs

Question 19

What are additional fats?

What are they used for?

Answer 19

Storage fats that act as a source of energy

Used for fuel during times of rest & sleep & extended periods of exercise

Question 20

Why is the measurement of body composition beneficial

Answer 20

Measures how much of your weight is made of fatty tissue than muscle.

Question 21

Why is % of body composition bigger for women?

Answer 21

They are child bearing

Question 22

What is the Body Mass Index q

Answer 22

calculated by dividing the weight of a person in kg by their height = compared in a normative table.

Question 23

What measurement is used to calculate body composition

Answer 23

Skin fold assessment

• pinching the skin of biceps, triceps, subscapular
• measured using set of skin fold capillers
• added & compared in normative table

Question 24

List the skill related components of physical fitness

Answer 24

• Power
• Speed
• Agility
• Coordination
• Balance
• Reaction time

Question 25

What is power and how should the tests be measured.

Answer 25

• Ability to exert maximal force in quick bursts of energy.

* Tests = only take a few seconds and involve highest intensity energy system = ATP

Question 26

What is the common method of measuring power

Answer 26

Vertical jump test

Question 27

What is speed and how can an improvement in speed be made?

Answer 27

• Measure of how fast you can perform a task
• Improvements in speed can result from increased power
• Changes in speed can be made from = reaction time, form, alignment, balance and the utilisation of energy

Question 28

What is the method of measuring speed?

Answer 28

50 meter sprint

Question 29

What is agility and what is it a combination of

Answer 29

• Ability to change direction quickly while on your feet whether you are standing or still in motion.
• Agility combines = coordination balance and speed.

Question 30

What is the method for measuring Agility

Answer 30

Illinois Agility Run

Question 31

What is coordination?

And what are the types of coordination ?

Answer 31

• Connection of the senses to produce efficient physical movements.
• Sharp hand-eye , left-right and foot eye coordination

Question 32

What does good coordination indicate?

Answer 32

acquire new movements readily,
adapt quickly to new sport ,
less prone to accidents and injury

Question 33

What is a test to measure coordination?

Answer 33

Alternate hand-wall toss

Question 34

What is balance?

What’s the difference between static balance and dynamic balance =?

Answer 34

• Ability to maintain equilibrium in stationary or moving positions.
• Static balance > Maintain balance while the body is stationary
• Dynamic balance > Maintain balance whilst moving

Question 35

How is good balance achieved

Answer 35

body’s center of gravity is in line with its base of support.

Question 36

What is the measurement for balance?

Answer 36

Stork Stand test

Question 37

What is reaction time ?

Answer 37

• Skill to respond quickly to a visual or sound signal

Question 38

How is reaction time measured

Answer 38

Ruler Catch Test

Question 39

What is the difference between aerobic and anaerobic

Answer 39

Aerobic > With oxygen

Anaerobic > Without oxygen

Question 40

What does aerobic training consist of

Provide examples

Answer 40

Low to moderate exercise
Movements sustained of long periods of time
Cross country, running, cycling, 1500m in swimming

Question 41

What does anaerobic training consist of?

Provide examples

Answer 41

Muscular work that takes place without oxygen being present
Intensity is higher and effort is shorter
Such as a sprint = muscles need to respond quickly and exhaust any fuel reserves, breathing rate increases

Question 42

What is heart rate?

Answer 42

Number of times the heart beats per minute

Question 43

What is heart rate like prior to physical activity?

Answer 43

heart rate is at approximately 72 bpm,

-low resting heart rate indicates efficient cardiovascular system

Question 44

What is heart rate like during physical activity ?

Answer 44

-Heart rate increases according to intensity of exercise
Fit person: heart rate levels off during protracted exercise
Unfit person: heart rate rises gradually
-Maximal heart rate can be achieved with exhaustive exercises that are protracted.

Question 45

What is heart rate like after exercise?

Answer 45

• cessation of exercise can cause a quick and then slow decline of heart rate to its pre exercise state
• Decline is rapid in a fit person / however an unfit person may take hours