Body Fluids (just handout)

Question 1

Essential fat vs Storage fat

Answer 1

• Essential fat:
  
  • necessary to sustain life
  • ~5% of total body weight in males, and up to 12% of total body weight in females.
  • stored in the bone marrow, heart, intestines, kidneys, liver, spleen, central nervous system (myelination), muscles, and, in women, breasts, pelvis, buttocks, and thighs.
• Storage fat:
  
  • stored subcutaneously between the skin and muscles; between muscle; and surrounding various fat
  • Includes visceral (internal fat)
    
    • ​Increases in older adults & is associated w CVD

Question 2

Hypertrophic obesity vs Hyperplastic obesity

Answer 2

Hypertrophic obesity: increased fat per cell

Hyperplastic obesity: increased # of fat cells

Question 3

Intracellular volume

Answer 3

25 L

2/3 of body water

Question 4

Extracellular volume

Answer 4

15 L,

1/3 of body water

Question 5

The major cation of intracelular fluid is

Answer 5

K+

Question 6

An increase in anion gap occurs when

Answer 6

ther are increased organic anions (ketones, acetoacetic acid, etc)

Question 7

How can hyponatremia / hypo-osmolar syndrome kill you?

Answer 7

Extracellular fluid osmolality decreases –> driving water into cells –> cells enlarges –> Lead to cerebral edema

Question 8

Whats the normal osmolality?

Answer 8

290 mOsmoles/kg