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Physiology > Body Fluids > Flashcards

Body Fluids Flashcards

1
Q

What does ICF stand for in the context of body fluids?

A

Intracellular Fluid

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2
Q

What does ECF stand for?

A

Extracellular Fluid

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3
Q

True or False: The majority of body fluid is found in the ECF.

A

False

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4
Q

What is the primary electrolyte found in intracellular fluid?

A

Potassium (K+)

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5
Q

What is the primary electrolyte found in extracellular fluid?

A

Sodium (Na+)

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6
Q

Fill in the blank: The total body water is approximately ____% of body weight.

A

60

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7
Q

What percentage of body fluid is ICF?

A

About 40%

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8
Q

What percentage of body fluid is ECF?

A

About 20%

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9
Q

Name one component of extracellular fluid.

A

Plasma or Interstitial fluid

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10
Q

True or False: ECF is composed only of plasma.

A

False

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11
Q

What role does sodium play in the body?

A

Regulating fluid balance and maintaining blood pressure

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12
Q

What is the main function of potassium in the body?

A

Regulating heart and muscle function

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13
Q

Which fluid compartment contains the majority of the body’s water?

A

Intracellular Fluid (ICF)

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14
Q

What is the normal range of sodium concentration in ECF?

A

135-145 mEq/L

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15
Q

What is the normal range of potassium concentration in ICF?

A

150-160 mEq/L

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16
Q

Fill in the blank: The movement of water between ICF and ECF is primarily governed by ____.

A

Osmosis

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17
Q

What is the term for the pressure exerted by proteins in the plasma?

A

Oncotic pressure

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18
Q

True or False: Chloride is the primary anion in ECF.

A

True

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19
Q

What is the primary role of bicarbonate (HCO3-) in the body?

A

Maintaining acid-base balance

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20
Q

Which fluid compartment has a higher concentration of proteins: ICF or ECF?

A

ICF

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21
Q

What is the main difference between plasma and interstitial fluid?

A

Plasma contains more proteins than interstitial fluid.

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22
Q

Name two factors that can affect fluid balance in the body.

A

Dietary intake and hormonal regulation

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23
Q

What hormone primarily regulates sodium and water balance?

A

Aldosterone

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24
Q

What is the effect of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) on the kidneys?

A

It promotes water reabsorption.

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25
Q

What is the typical osmolarity of body fluids?

A

About 280-300 mOsm/L

26
Q

True or False: The composition of ICF and ECF is identical.

A

False

27
Q

What is the primary cation in ECF?

A

Sodium (Na+)

28
Q

What is the primary anion in ICF?

A

Phosphate (PO4^3-)

29
Q

Fill in the blank: The balance of electrolytes is crucial for ____ function.

A

Cellular

30
Q

What is the primary mechanism for electrolyte transport across cell membranes?

A

Active transport

31
Q

What is the role of calcium in the body?

A

Bone health and muscle contraction

32
Q

Which electrolyte is important for nerve impulse transmission?

A

Sodium (Na+)

33
Q

What is the effect of hypernatremia on body fluid balance?

A

It can lead to cellular dehydration.

34
Q

What condition is characterized by low potassium levels in the blood?

A

Hypokalemia

35
Q

True or False: ECF is composed of both plasma and interstitial fluid.

A

True

36
Q

What is the percent composition of Na, K, Ca, Cl, PO4 in ICF

A

12, 155, <0.5, 4, 105

37
Q

What is the percentage composition of Na, k, Ca, Cl, HCO3 in ECF

A

145, 4, 2.5, 115, 28

38
Q

Fluid input is mainly:

A

GI tract

39
Q

Fluid output includes:

A

Kidney, GI tract, lungs, skin

40
Q

Mixing of fluid between plasma and interstitial fluid is due to

A

Kinetic motion of fluid which is passive

41
Q

What is the normal value of Oxygen in extracellular fluid?

A

40 mm Hg

42
Q

What is the normal range of Carbon dioxide in extracellular fluid?

A

35-45 mm Hg

43
Q

What is the normal value of Sodium ion in extracellular fluid?

A

142 mmol/L

44
Q

What is the normal range of Potassium ion in extracellular fluid?

A

3.8-5.0 mmol/L

45
Q

What is the normal value of Calcium ion in extracellular fluid?

A

1.2 mmol/L

46
Q

What is the normal range of Chloride ion in extracellular fluid?

A

103-112 mmol/L

47
Q

What is the normal value of Bicarbonate ion in extracellular fluid?

A

28 mmol/L

48
Q

What is the normal value of Glucose in extracellular fluid?

A

85 mg/dl

49
Q

What is the normal body temperature in extracellular fluid?

A

98.4 °F (37.0 °C)

50
Q

What is the normal pH level in extracellular fluid?

A

7.4

51
Q

What is the approximate short-term nonlethal limit for Oxygen?

A

10-1000 mm Hg

52
Q

What is the approximate short-term nonlethal limit for Carbon dioxide?

A

5-80 mm Hg

53
Q

What is the approximate short-term nonlethal limit for Sodium ion?

A

115-175 mmol/L

54
Q

What is the approximate short-term nonlethal limit for Potassium ion?

A

1.5-9.0 mmol/L

55
Q

What is the approximate short-term nonlethal limit for Calcium ion?

A

0.5-2.0 mmol/L

56
Q

What is the approximate short-term nonlethal limit for Chloride ion?

A

70-130 mmol/L

57
Q

What is the approximate short-term nonlethal limit for Bicarbonate ion?

A

8-45 mmol/L

58
Q

What is the approximate short-term nonlethal limit for Glucose?

A

20-1500 mg/dl

59
Q

What is the approximate short-term nonlethal limit for body temperature?

A

65-110 °F (18.3-43.3 °C)

60
Q

What is the approximate short-term nonlethal limit for pH?

A

6.9-8.0

Physiology (5 decks)

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