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Body Fluids Flashcards

1
Q

What does ICF stand for in the context of body fluids?

A

Intracellular Fluid

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2
Q

What does ECF stand for?

A

Extracellular Fluid

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3
Q

True or False: The majority of body fluid is found in the ECF.

A

False

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4
Q

What is the primary electrolyte found in intracellular fluid?

A

Potassium (K+)

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5
Q

What is the primary electrolyte found in extracellular fluid?

A

Sodium (Na+)

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6
Q

Fill in the blank: The total body water is approximately ____% of body weight.

A

60

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7
Q

What percentage of body fluid is ICF?

A

About 40%

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8
Q

What percentage of body fluid is ECF?

A

About 20%

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9
Q

Name one component of extracellular fluid.

A

Plasma or Interstitial fluid

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10
Q

True or False: ECF is composed only of plasma.

A

False

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11
Q

What role does sodium play in the body?

A

Regulating fluid balance and maintaining blood pressure

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12
Q

What is the main function of potassium in the body?

A

Regulating heart and muscle function

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13
Q

Which fluid compartment contains the majority of the body’s water?

A

Intracellular Fluid (ICF)

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14
Q

What is the normal range of sodium concentration in ECF?

A

135-145 mEq/L

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15
Q

What is the normal range of potassium concentration in ICF?

A

150-160 mEq/L

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16
Q

Fill in the blank: The movement of water between ICF and ECF is primarily governed by ____.

A

Osmosis

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17
Q

What is the term for the pressure exerted by proteins in the plasma?

A

Oncotic pressure

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18
Q

True or False: Chloride is the primary anion in ECF.

A

True

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19
Q

What is the primary role of bicarbonate (HCO3-) in the body?

A

Maintaining acid-base balance

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20
Q

Which fluid compartment has a higher concentration of proteins: ICF or ECF?

A

ICF

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21
Q

What is the main difference between plasma and interstitial fluid?

A

Plasma contains more proteins than interstitial fluid.

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22
Q

Name two factors that can affect fluid balance in the body.

A

Dietary intake and hormonal regulation

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23
Q

What hormone primarily regulates sodium and water balance?

A

Aldosterone

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24
Q

What is the effect of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) on the kidneys?

A

It promotes water reabsorption.

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25
What is the typical osmolarity of body fluids?
About 280-300 mOsm/L
26
True or False: The composition of ICF and ECF is identical.
False
27
What is the primary cation in ECF?
Sodium (Na+)
28
What is the primary anion in ICF?
Phosphate (PO4^3-)
29
Fill in the blank: The balance of electrolytes is crucial for ____ function.
Cellular
30
What is the primary mechanism for electrolyte transport across cell membranes?
Active transport
31
What is the role of calcium in the body?
Bone health and muscle contraction
32
Which electrolyte is important for nerve impulse transmission?
Sodium (Na+)
33
What is the effect of hypernatremia on body fluid balance?
It can lead to cellular dehydration.
34
What condition is characterized by low potassium levels in the blood?
Hypokalemia
35
True or False: ECF is composed of both plasma and interstitial fluid.
True
36
What is the percent composition of Na, K, Ca, Cl, PO4 in ICF
12, 155, <0.5, 4, 105
37
What is the percentage composition of Na, k, Ca, Cl, HCO3 in ECF
145, 4, 2.5, 115, 28
38
Fluid input is mainly:
GI tract
39
Fluid output includes:
Kidney, GI tract, lungs, skin
40
Mixing of fluid between plasma and interstitial fluid is due to
Kinetic motion of fluid which is passive
41
What is the normal value of Oxygen in extracellular fluid?
40 mm Hg
42
What is the normal range of Carbon dioxide in extracellular fluid?
35-45 mm Hg
43
What is the normal value of Sodium ion in extracellular fluid?
142 mmol/L
44
What is the normal range of Potassium ion in extracellular fluid?
3.8-5.0 mmol/L
45
What is the normal value of Calcium ion in extracellular fluid?
1.2 mmol/L
46
What is the normal range of Chloride ion in extracellular fluid?
103-112 mmol/L
47
What is the normal value of Bicarbonate ion in extracellular fluid?
28 mmol/L
48
What is the normal value of Glucose in extracellular fluid?
85 mg/dl
49
What is the normal body temperature in extracellular fluid?
98.4 °F (37.0 °C)
50
What is the normal pH level in extracellular fluid?
7.4
51
What is the approximate short-term nonlethal limit for Oxygen?
10-1000 mm Hg
52
What is the approximate short-term nonlethal limit for Carbon dioxide?
5-80 mm Hg
53
What is the approximate short-term nonlethal limit for Sodium ion?
115-175 mmol/L
54
What is the approximate short-term nonlethal limit for Potassium ion?
1.5-9.0 mmol/L
55
What is the approximate short-term nonlethal limit for Calcium ion?
0.5-2.0 mmol/L
56
What is the approximate short-term nonlethal limit for Chloride ion?
70-130 mmol/L
57
What is the approximate short-term nonlethal limit for Bicarbonate ion?
8-45 mmol/L
58
What is the approximate short-term nonlethal limit for Glucose?
20-1500 mg/dl
59
What is the approximate short-term nonlethal limit for body temperature?
65-110 °F (18.3-43.3 °C)
60
What is the approximate short-term nonlethal limit for pH?
6.9-8.0
61
Why do males have more total body water than females of same age
- more adipose tissue in females - more muscle tissue in males
62
Routes of fluid input
GI tract
63
Routes of fluid output
Kidney GI tract Lung Skin The lymphatics
64
Are proteins found in plasma or interstitial fluid
No protein in interstitial fluid. Main protein in plasma is Albumin
65
Name of part of blood that is a component of the ECF
Cells called hemocrit

Physiology (7 decks)

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