Body fluid compartments (intra and extracellular fluids) Flashcards
Most important means by which body maintains a balance between intake and output is by ……..
controlling the rates at which the kidneys excrete these substances.
plasma and interstitial (extracellular) composition
Highly permeable capillary membrane
Protein level > in plasma because of low membrane permeability
Na+, Cl- and HCO3-
Intracellular fluid composition
Separated by cell membrane
Highly permeable to water not electrolytes (semi-permeable)
K+, Mg+, proteins, and PO4+
Gibbs Donnan Equilibrium
2 solutions containing ions are separated by membrane that is permeable to some of the ions but not to others –> electrochemical equilibrium is established
The principle of conservation of mass:
total mass of a substance after dispersion in the fluid compartment will be the same as the total mass injected into the compartment.
Distribution of fluid between intracellular & extracellular compartments determined by……
osmotic effect of small solutes.
Electrolytes or small ions (i.e.: sodium & chloride) determine distribution of…..
fluids across the semi-permeable cell membrane
______ ______ cause fluids to shift between compartments
Osmotic factors
Rate of diffusion of water is called _____.
Osmosis
_______ refers to the # of particles in solution rather than molar concentration
Osmole
1 mole of NaCl –> dissolve into solvent (1 L) –> Concentration of ……
2 osm/L solution (Na <—> Cl)
Osmolality:
Osmoles / kg of water
Osmolarity
Osmoles / liter of solution
_______ _______ refers to the amount of pressure required to prevent osmosis.
Pressure applied in ______ direction of osmosis
osmotic pressure
opposite