Body Defences

Question 1

Lymphocytes

Answer 1

Respond to specific antigens
- Produced from the same precursor cell in bone marrow
- Mature in bone marrow or thymus

Question 2

Innate

Answer 2

Non-specific
- Attack all antigens
- In born (born with it)
- 1st and 2nd line defences

Question 3

Specific

Answer 3

Acquired or adaptive immunity
- Acquired

Question 4

Antigens

Answer 4

Anything capable of inducing an immune response (typically a protein)

Question 5

Natural killer cells

Answer 5

Destroy anything - 2nd line of defence

Question 6

Antibody mediated response

Answer 6

B cells
- Is triggered by extracellular pathogens (pathogens that do not invade body cells)

Plasma B cells: Produce antibodies
Memory B cells: Remember what antigens look like and are activated during secondary response

Question 7

Cell-mediated Response

Answer 7

T Cells
- Cell-mediated response is triggered by intracellular pathogens (pathogens that invade body cells)

Helper T-cells: Recognise antigens displayed by macrophages and signal B cells to differentiate into plasma B cells.
Cytotoxic (killer) T cells: Destroy cells infected with pathogen
Suppressor T cells: Stops the immune response post-infection
Memory T cells: Long lived that remember antigens and trigger a faster immune response in future. ‘Humoral immunity’