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MD1S1: Physiology 201 > Body Composition > Flashcards

Body Composition Flashcards

1
Q

Order the body components by their relative weight in the body

A
  1. Water
  2. Proteins
  3. Fats
  4. Minerals
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2
Q

What factors affect total body water?

A

Format: Factor (Effect on total body water)
Sex (Male > Female)
Age (Young > Old)
Amount of body fat (Low > High)

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3
Q

Total body water percentage of adult male

A

60%

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4
Q

Total body water percentage of adult females

A

50%

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5
Q

Why do males have a higher total body water than females?

A

Greater proportion of fat making up female body weight

Adipose tissue has low water content

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6
Q

Total body water percentage of infants

A

75%

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7
Q

Why are infants prone to dehydration?

A

Low total body water could be lost from diarrhea and vomiting

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8
Q

Water content of lean body tissue (fat free tissue)

A

71-72ml/100g-tissue

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9
Q

Which tissues have the highest and the lowest body water percentage?

A

Highest - Grey matter = 85%
Lowest - Dentin = 10%

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10
Q

What regions are body water present in?

A

Extracellular Fluid (ECF) - Fluid outside the cells
Intracellular Fluid (ICF) - Fluid inside the cells

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11
Q

What fraction of water forms ECF?

A

1/3 total body water (c.14L)

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12
Q

What fraction of water forms ICF?

A

2/3 total body water (c.28L)

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13
Q

What are the components of ECF?

A

Plasma = c.3L
Interstitial fluid (between cells) = c.11L

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14
Q

How can water exit the body?

A

Kidneys
Lungs
Feces
Sweat
Skin

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15
Q

How does water move between the different regions of the body?

A
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16
Q

What constitutes the body’s internal environment?

A

ECF

17
Q

What are electrolytes?

A

Substances which are naturally charged when dissolved in water

18
Q

What are cations?

A

Positively charged ions

19
Q

What are anions?

A

Negatively charged ions

20
Q

What electrolytes are present in ECF?

A

Large amounts of Na+ and Cl-
Small amounts of K+, protein and phosphate

21
Q

What electrolytes are present in ICF?

A

Large amounts of K+, protein and phosphate
Small amounts of Na+ and Cl-

22
Q

What is the importance of Na+ balance?

A

Osmosis depends on Na+ reabsorption
If water or Na+ is disturbed, regulation of the other is affected

MD1S1: Physiology 201 (13 decks)

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