Body Chemistry Flashcards
Two or more of the same element is called a
Molecule
Two or more different elements ate called
Compounds
Chemical bonding where electrons are shared is called _______ _______
Covalent bonds
Chemical bonding where elements gain/lose electrons is called ______ ______
Ionic bonds
In nonpolar covalent bonds the sharing of electrons is _____
Equal
In polar covalent bonds the electron sharinf is ______
Unequal
Positively charged ions are called _______
Cation
Negatively charged atoms are called
Anions
Define a mixture
A substance composed of two or more intermixed components.
What are the 3 main types of mixtures?
Solutions
Colloids
Suspensions
A chemical reaction occurs when ever chemicsl bonds are ______, ________ or __________
Formed, broken or rearranged
What are the factors that influence the rate of chemical reactions?
Temperature, concentration, particle size, catalysts (enzymes)
Organic compounds contain ________
Carbon
All chemicals in the body are classes as either _______ or _________
Organic or inorganic
What makes water a polar molecule
It has a slightly positively charged end and a slightly negatively charged end
Salts ______ when they are dissolved in water
Dissociate
Acids are hydrogen containing compounds that release _____ ions when dissolved in water
H+
A base is a ________ containing compound that takes up H+ ions
Hydroxide (OH)-
Carbohydrates are composed of?
Carbon, oxygen and hydrogen
Glucose based, storage carbohydrates in plants are called?
Starch
Glucose based, storage carbohydrates in animals are called?
Glycogen
Structural carbohydrates in plants are called?
Cellulose
Proteins are long chains of ____ _____
Amino acids
Which bases make up DNA
Adenine, guanine, cytosine, thymine
