Body Cavities Flashcards
? passes through the caval foramen of the diaphragm
caudal vena cava
aorta passes thorugh the ? of the diaphragm?
aortic haitus
what passes through the esophageal hiatus?
esophagus and vagal trunks
Between which rib spaces can you locate the heart? (all species)
3rd and 6th rib spaces
what is the peritoneum?
the serous membrane of the abdomen
why do we have serous layers?
helps the lungs stick to the side of the thoracic wall to expand in volume
what are the types of parietal pleura?
diaphragmatic pleura
costal pleura
what space do you use to access thoracic fluid?
costodiaphragmatic recess
space between the parietal serous pericardium and the visceral serous pericardium is the ?
pericardial cavity
what type of pleura lines the heart?
visceral serous pericardium (epicardium)
what animal has a thicker mediastinum?
cow
Lobes of the Bo Lung
Right: cranial part of cranial lobe, caudal part of cranial lobe, middle lobe, caudal lobe, accessory lobe.
Left: cranial part of cranial lobe, caudal part of cranial lobe, caudal lobe
Lobes of the Eq lung
R cranial, R caudal, accessory
L cranial, L caudal
presence of tracheal bronchus is unique to ?
Bo
cupula pleura
pleura extends 3-5 cm beyond the first rib on the R side of the thorax
Blood flow through the heart
Cr/Cd vena cava -> R atrium -> RV -> pulmonary arteries -> Lungs -> pulmonary veins -> LA -> LV -> Aorta
Eq landmarks for dome of diaphragm? (ventral - mid - dorsal)
6th rib
8/9th rib
15th ICS
Bo landmarks for dome of diaphragm? (ventral - mid - dorsal)
6th rib
6th rib
12th rib
What does “4 on the floor” mean?
4 bands on the cecum and ventral colon (that sit on the most ventral part of the abd)
how many bands on left dorsal colon?
1
How many bands on right dorsal colon?
3
what abdominal structures will you see on the L side of the Eq?
“A sliver of Liver” (mainly on R side), Stomach, Spleen, Descending colon, jejunum, LDC, RVC
what abdominal structures will you see on the R side of the Eq?
Liver, Kidney, descending duodenum, base/body of cecum, RDC, RVC
Which arteries supple the Eq (and canine) ascending colon?
R colic br of cranial mesenteric, Colic br of Ileocolic
path of travel through the rumen
reticulum -> rumen -> omasum -> abomasum
spiral colon parts
centripital (sprialing in)
centrifugal (spiraling out)
what lies in the supraomental recess of the Bo?
intestines, cecum, spiral colon
what lies between the superficial and deep leaf of the greater omentum in Bo?
the ventral sac of the rumen
blood supply to the rumen
celiac artery off of cranial mesenteric
(splenic and L. gastric)
Major blood supply to duodenum and pancreas
celiac artery
(gastroduodenal and cranial pancreaticoduodenal arteries)
innervation to the abdominal viscera is supplied via ?
major and minor splanchnic nerve plexuses associated with the mesenteric ganglia
What empties at the major duodenal papilla? Bo
bile ducts
pancreatic duct
what empties at the minor duodenal papilla? Bo
the accessory pancreatic duct
arterial blood supply to the jejunum
cranial mesenteric artery -> jejunal arteries
arterial blood supply to the ileum
cranial mesenteric artery -> mesenteric ileal and ileal arteries
arterial blood supply to the cecum
cecal artery
(a branch of ileocolic artery which is a branch off of cranial mesenteric)
Boney landmarks for the Eq line of pleura reflection?
lower 9th -> middle 18th -> upper 17th
Boney landmarks for the Eq caudal border of the lung?
lower 6th rib -> middle 12th rib -> high 16th rib
Boney landmarks for the Bo line of pleural reflection?
lower 9th rib -> middle 11th rib -> 13th ICS
Boney landmarks for the Bo caudal border of the lung?
lower 6th rib -> high on the 12th rib
Eq puncta maxima
Pulmonic valve: Low L 3rd ICS
Aortic valve: High L 4th ICS
L AV valve: Low 5th ICS
R AV valve: Low 3rd or 4th ICS
Bo puncta maxima
Pulmonic valve: Low L 3rd ICS
Aortic valve: High L 4th ICS
L AV valve: Low 4th ICS
R AV valve: Low 3rd or 4th ICS
Which species lacks a gallbladder?
Equine
mouth to rectum - travel of a bolus of food (Bo)
Mouth -> esophagus -> reticulum -> omasum -> abomasum -> descending duodenum -> Cd flexure -> ascending duodenum ->jejunum -> ileum -> ileocecal orifice -> cecum (base -> body -> apex) -> ascending centripetal colon -> central flexure -> ascending centrifugal colon -> transverse colon -> descending colon -> rectum
mouth to rectum - travel of a bolus of food (Eq)
Mouth -> esophagus -> stomach (cardiac -> fundus -> body -> antrum) -> pylorus -> pyloric sphincter -> descending duodenum -> Cd flexure -> ascending duodenum -> jejunum -> ileum -> ileocecal orifice -> cecum (base -> body -> apex) -> cecal-colic orifice -> RVC -> sternal flexure -> LVC -> pelvic flexure -> LDC -> diaphragmatic flexure -> RDC -> transverse colon -> descending small colon -> rectum
A left paralumbar incision in the equine exposes which abdominal organs?
descending colon & left ovary
blood supply to the descending colon
left colic off of caudal mesenteric a
blood supply to cranial rectum
cranial rectal off of caudal mesenteric
blood supply to the caudal rectus abdominus
external iliac –> deep femoral –> pudendoepigastric trunk –> **caudal epigastric a **
