Body Basics

Question 1

Biomedicine

Answer 1

The study of biology and medicine to understand diseases and develop treatments.

Question 2

Eukaryotic Cells

Answer 2

have membrane bound organelles and contain DNA in a nucleus

complex cell

(animal and plant cells)

Question 2

Prokaryotic cells

Answer 2

without nuclues and lacks membrane bound organelles

simple cells

bacteria

Question 2

animal cells

Answer 2

A cell with organelles like a nucleus, mitochondria, and ribosomes, surrounded by a cell membrane, responsible for functions like energy production, protein synthesis, and growth.

lack a cell wall and cholorplasts

Question 2

plant cells

Answer 2

A cell with a nucleus, chloroplasts (for photosynthesis), a cell wall (for structure), a large vacuole (for storage), and a cell membrane.

Question 3

nucleus

Answer 3

controls activites and holds DNA

Question 4

mitochondria

Answer 4

produces energy (ATP) through cellular respiration

Question 5

ribosomes

Answer 5

synthesises proteins from amino acids

Question 6

Endoplasmic Reticulum

(ER)

Answer 6

helps in protein and lipid synthesis. It comes in two types

Question 7

rough ER

Answer 7

has ribosomes that make and transport proteins

Question 8

smooth ER

Answer 8

lack ribosomes, makes lipids and detoxifies

Question 9

golgi apparatus

Answer 9

modifies, sorts and packages proteins for transport

Question 10

chloroplasts

Answer 10

conducts photosunthesis

plant cells

Question 11

cell membrane

Answer 11

controls what enters and exits the cell

Question 12

vacuole

Answer 12

stores nutrients, water and waste

Question 13

cell well

Answer 13

provides structure and support

(found only in plant cells)

Question 14

biomolecules

Answer 14

lipids, carbohydrates, nucleic acids, protiens

Question 15

carbohydrates

Answer 15

provide energy for the body (e.g., glucose) and structural support in plants (e.g., cellulose).

-elements- carbon, hydrogen, oxygen

-monomers monoscharides

Question 16

proteins

Answer 16

build and repair tissues, support cell functions

-elements- carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen

-monomers- amino acids

Question 17

lipids

Answer 17

fats, oils, and waxes that store energy, insulate the body, and make up cell membranes.

-elements- carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, phosphorus

-monomers- fatty acids

Question 18

nucleic acid

Answer 18

DNA and RNA, biomolecules that store and transmit genetic information for cell growth, function, and reproduction.

-elements- carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, phosphorus

-monomers- nucleotides

Question 19

water

Answer 19

H2O

just add water

Question 20

How does that body use and lose water?

Answer 20

breathing, sweating, urination, digestion

Question 21

Excretory Systems organs

Answer 21

kidneys, liver, skin, lungs, large intestine

Question 22

kidneys

Answer 22

filter blood and remove wastes, excess water and toxins producing urine

Question 23

liver

Answer 23

processes toxins and waste products from the blood, breaking them down for removal

Question 24

skin

Answer 24

release waste through sweat, including, salts, and small amounts of urea

Question 25

lungs

Answer 25

expel carbon dioxide (a waste product or respiration) and water vapor during exhalation

Question 26

large intestine

Answer 26

removes solid waste from digestion and excess salts