body axles with examples and body planes Flashcards
superior (cranial)
above or higher
eg: the mammary is superior to the abdominal
inferior (caudal)
below or lower
eg: the patella is inferior to the femoral
anterior (ventral)
the front or direction towards the front of the body
eg: the digitals are anterior to the tarsal
Posterior (dorsal)
the back or the direction towards the back of the body
eg: the popliteus (back of knee) is posterior to the patella
Proximal
position in a limb that is nearer to the point of attachment/ the trunk of the body
eg: the brachium is proximal to the antebrachium
Distal
position far from the point of attachment/trunk of the body
eg: crus is distal from the femoral
Medial
the middle or direction towards the middle of the body.
eg: the hallux (big toe) is medial toe
lateral
the side/direction toward the side of the body.
eg: the pollex (thumb) is lateral to the digits
superificial
describes something closer to the surface of the body.
eg: the skin is superficial to the bones
deep
position farthest from the surface of the body.
eg: the brain is deep in the cranial
ipsilateral
on the same side
eg: axons that do not cross the midline in a fiber tract.
contralateral
on the opposite side
define body plane
used to divide the body into sections
frontal (coronal plane)
dividing the body or organ into anterior or posterior portion.
transverse plane
dividing the body or organ horizontally into upper and lower parts. produce images called cross sections
