BODILY issue- Athletes Recreational Drug Use Flashcards
Briefly outline the issue of Recreational Drug use in sports?
The dominant ways of sport, black masculinity and drug use- constructs a limited and DAMAGING understanding of black men.
There’s a need to dismantle these views.
What does Guttman state are the 7 attributes of modern sport?
Guttman, ‘From Ritual to Record’
(1979)
-Secular
-Equality
-Specialisation
-Rationalisation
-Bureaucratisation
-Quantification
-Records
= the emergence of clear rules and uniform, standardised rules.
How is sport connected to indigenous ways of being?
Historically, games used to facilitate integration of members into society and promote personal growth/ cultural values.
Various games and dances
(Whitinus, 2020 “sports connected to indigenous ways of knowing and being”)
Explain how drug prohibition is grounded in political ideologies?
(Derrida, 1993)
Argues that “drug use is not criminalised because of the individual act, but because of the FEAR that it will escape to a world outside of reality”
- Not criminalised because of health, but because of the ways these substances are constructed as a violation of SOCIAL NORMS.
Define Imperialism?
The spread of one countries power over another
- Economic expansion
- Subjugation of others
- An idea/ spirit
Define Colonialism?
Political/ economic systems under which powerful countries, for their own profit, establish rules/ order.
An EXPRESSION of IMPERIALISM
Long standing patterns of power emerging- defines culture, labour, social relations.
What are the key colonial ideas about knowledge?
There is western vs non-western
The power of representation, what different societies, cultures and places are like?
The West= developed
Non-west= underdeveloped and undesirable
= there becomes an organising concept of GLOBAL POWER RELATIONS and for ways of thinking/ speaking.
How has imperialism and the idea of west vs east affected sport?
ICE HOCKEY- colonial Eastern Canada, take what they see and adapt to their views/ the ways they want it.
Sports as a tool of DOMINATION and ASSIMILATION
Give a brief introduction to drug prohibition in the US?
(Booth, 2014)
Wide acceptance as marijuana as medicine
The creation of the federal Bureau of Narcotics
The importance of popular culture
Mexican immigrants
Black Jazz musicians
The counter-culture of the 1960’s- young people smoking weed, a new group of people using it
Explain a de-colonial approach in sport sociology?
- Looks at the impacts of colonialism (past and present) on shaping sports and the experiences of indigenous groups
-Reclaiming ways of knowing, being and doing from an indigenous perspective
(P Whitinui, 2021)
How does the history of drugs relate to sport?
Race + colonialism, western supremacy, white vs black.
Racialised ideas that manifest within sport.
The 1980’s- the crack epidemic and war on drugs, racial, gender and class dynamics.
How are black athletes represented in the media?
A narrow scope for black masculinity in sport media.
An embodiment of hyper-masculinity- reduced to the body.
The DUALISM: “good black”= humble and apolitical, vs “bad black”- greedy, criminal, intellectually inferior- a need to be disciplined and controlled.
Within the NFL- the approach to drugs?
Historically the NFL has used a punitive approach.
“Press coverage of drug use in sports is both racialised and moralising”
(King et al, 2019)
Compare black vs white representations of drug use?
“The marijuana use of white athletes is often downplayed while the consumption of cannabis by black athletes is constructed as acts of selfishness and criminal”
(Dickerson, 2018)
Give an example of an NFL player connected to drug use?
RICKY WILLIAMS
Caught being high, quit his playing career to become a yoga teacher.
In America- Blacks almost four times as likely to be arrested for possession.
Give a comparison example of two athletes connected to mj use?
CHRIS LONG, white, declared a marijuana user and a ‘good person’
vs
PHILANDO CASTLE, smoked around his daughter and dragged in media/ bad perceptions.
Conclude what this lecture discusses?
DRUG USE- entwined with broader discourses of race, gender, sexuality.
De-colonial perspectives can help disrupt the status quo
Re-organising how we understand the world needed- even with a changing marijuana culture we still need shifts in knowledge.
