Boat Crew Seamanship Manual Flashcards
Three basic boat crew positions on CG boats
Coxswain
Engineer
Crew member
Factors in determining crew size
Boat type
Operational need
Minimum crew size prescribed by higher authority
47’ MLB minimum crew size
4, a coxswain, an engineer, and two crew members
___ sets the minimum crew sizes for standard boats
The Commandant
___ set minimum crew size for non-standard boats assigned tho their units
Area and district commanders
Qualifications as a ___ is a prerequisite to qualification as a boat engineer or a coxswain
Boat crew member
An auxiliarist may not serve which position aboard a CG boat?
Coxswain
Crew member responsibilities (8)
Helm Lookout Towing watches Anchor watch Rig towing and mooring lines Act as the surface swimmer Administer first aid Operate DC equipment
Boat crew members must have this knowledge and performance skills
- Marlinspike seamanship and line handling
- Basic navigation and boat handling
- Survival, safety, and DC equipment
- Emergency and casualty control
- Watchstanding and comms
- First aid
AOR
Area of Responsibility
Boat engineers are responsible for ___
Propulsion and auxiliary machinery while underway
Engineers must have this knowledge and performance skills
- Complete knowledge of general engineering specifications and functional performance characteristics
- Performing pre-start, light off, and securing functions for propulsion machinery
- Monitoring, detecting , and responding to machinery and electrical system casualties or failues
- Operating auxiliary machinery and systems
- Using onboard DC equipment to minimize damage from fire, grounding, or collision
Coxswains are in charge of the ___
Boat and crew
Coxswains are responsible in order of priority for ___
- Safety and conduct of passengers and crew
- Safe operation and navigation of the boat
- Completion of the sortie or mission
Coxswains shall respond to ___
- Hazards to life or property
- Violations of laws or regulations
- Discrepancies in AtoN
Lookouts must report to the coxswain everything ___
Seen, smelled, or heard as well as everything they think the see, smell, or hear
During a search, post ___ lookouts when able
Two
When ___ are in the area or the boat is within __ of shore, lookout duties should be kept to a minimum to allow for early detection and decrease the likelihood of strikes
Whales
3 NM
Standing a proper lookout watch means ___
Using all available equipment to improve chance of early detection
Lookouts must report what they see, smell, or hear with as much ___
Detail as possible
In lookout, object ___ is immediately important
Type
Lookouts make reports using ___
Relative bearings only
Bearings are always reported in __ digits
Three
Objects in the sky are located by their ___
Relative bearing and position angle
Position angle can never be more than __
90 degrees
Report distances in __
Yards
Required information in a lookout report
Object name or description
Bearing
Position angle
Range
The lookout’s method of eye search is called ___
Scanning
Scanning is a __ method of visually searching for objects
Step-by-step
Good scanning techniques will ensure that ____
Objects are not missed
Scanning also reduces ___
Eye fatigue
Two common scanning methods
Left to right and back again
Top to bottom and bottom to top
In scanning the eyes move in ___
Increments
Scanning creates ___ in the field of vision
Overlaps
When scanning, do not look directly at the __
Horizon
In severe fog, a second lookout should be stationed __
To cover the aft portion of the vessel
The eyes adjusting to the weak light and improving vision gradually is called ___
Dark adaptation
Before operating in dark conditions you should prepare for ___ prior
30 minutes
Lights must be ___ colored on boats for night vision
Red
The helmsman is responsible for ___
Safely steering the boat
Maintaining a course
Carrying out all helm commands given by the coxswain
The helmsman must maintain a given course within __ degrees
5
The primary duty of the towing watch is to ___
Keep the towline and the boat being towed under constant observation
The tow watch should report ___
Yawing List In step Towed boat taking on water Deck hardware failure Towline about to part Towed boat overtaking boat Positioning of the towed boat's crew Slack tow line in the water
A tow watch should be maintained until the disabled boat is ___
Moored or until relieved
The anchor watch must ensure that ___
Anchor line does not chafe and that the anchor does not drag, as well as watching for other vessels in the area
When at anchor the position of the boat shall be confirmed at least every ___
15 minutes
Two methods to determine in the anchor is dragging
Check tension in anchor line
Check the boat’s position
Anchor compass bearing should be spread at least ___ apart
45 degrees
The swing circle radius is equal to __
The boat’s length plus the length of the anchor line
___ and ___ fatigues are among the greatest dangers during rough weather operations
Mental
Physical
The hazards of fatigue dramatically reduces the powers of ___
Observation, concentration, and judgement
These may cause fatigue
Hot or cold weather Eye strain Maintaining balance Stress Noise Sun Lack of sleep Boredom Poor physical conditioning
The crew’s safety and welfare are the ___ primary responsibility
Coxswain’s
Primary symptoms of fatigue
Inability to focus or concentrate, narrowed attention span
Mental confusion or judgement error
Decreased coordination and sensory ability
Increased irritability
Decreased performance
Decreased concern for safety
Preventive measures for fatigue are ___
Adequate rest Appropriate dress Rotate crew duties Provide food and refreshments Observe other crewmembers for fatigue
Environmental conditions that promote fatigue
Motion sickness Glare Wind and rough seas Rain or snow Vibration
Sea sickness is caused by __
An imbalance between visual images and the portion of the middle ear that senses motion
Ways to avoid sea sickness
Medication Stay out of confined spaces Stay in fresh air Look at the horizon Avoid smoking
Antimotion sickness medications may not be given __
Without medical supervision
Within 12 hours of alcohol consumption
To pregnant crewmembers
Colorless, odorless, lethal gas, also most common lethal gas encountered during boat operations
CO
Symptoms of lethal fume poisoning
Throbbing temples Dizziness Ears ringing Watering and itching eyes Headache Cherry-pink skin color
The first senses affected by poisonous gases are those that control a person’s ___
Judgement and decision-making ability
If CO or any other type of poisoning is suspected ___
Remove the victim to fresh air and get medical help immediately
If the victim is unconscious, do not try to ___
Assist them alone
Any continual noise at the same pitch can ___
Distract, lull, or aggravate to the point where it adversely affects temperament and the ability to perform properly
Use single hearing protection whenever noise levels exceed ___
85 dB
Use double hearing protection for noise levels over ___
104 dB
Ear protection is required when working in, or making rounds in, an ___
Enclosed engineering space
Time required to metabolize alcohol for two drinks ____
Three or more ___
8 hours
12 hours
Excessive loss of body heat may lead to ___
Hypothermia
The loss of internal body temperature
Hypothermia
Normal body temperature is ___
98.6 degrees F
Never give hypothermia victims anything by ___, especially ___
Mouth
Alcohol
Signs of hypothermia
Pale Cold skin Dilated pupils Poor coordination Slurred speech Incoherent thinking Unconsciousness Muscle rigidity Weak pulse Slow and labored breathing Irregular heart beat
Who may waive the requirement to wear hypothermia protective clothing on a case-by-case basis?
CO or OIC
The development of ice crystals within body tissues
Frostbite
Frostbite is most likely to develop in air temperatures less than ___
20 degrees F
Factors that contribute to frostbite
Cold stressors
Restriction of blood-flow
Lack of appropriate protection
Skin exposure
A frostbite victim will complain of ___ in the affected area
Painful cold and numbness
What will develop with frostbite?
Waxy white or yellow-white, hard, cold, and insensitive areas
As the frostbite area begins to thaw, it will be ___
Extremely painful and swelling or blisters may appear
A patient being treated for frostbite should also be treated for ___
Hypothermia
___ is an essential factor to maintaining body temperature
Staying dry
Clothing worn next to the skin must ___
Carry or wick moisture away from the body
The first layer of clothing is the ___
Wicking layer
The second layer of clothing is the ___
Insulating layer
The third layer of clothing is the ___
Moisture barrier
The insulating effect of a fabric is related to ___
How much air it can trap
The outer layer should stop ___
Wind and water
Most heat loss occurs through the ___
Extremities, especially the head
Effects of the sun
Sunburn Dehydration Heat rash Heat cramps Heat exhaustion Heat stroke
Appears as redness, swelling, or blistering of the skin
Sunburn
Other effects of overexposure to sun are ___
Fever, gastrointestinal symptoms, malaise, and pigment changes in the skin
Medical/scientific term for salts, specifically ions
Electrolyte
The body uses these to maintain voltage across cell membranes and to carry electrical impulses for moving the muscles
Electrolytes
The body loses electrolytes mostly through ___
Perspiration
When water and electrolytes are not replaced, the body experiences ___
Dehydration
Drinking ___ increases dehydration
Alcohol and caffeine
When the body loses __ of body weight in fluids the individual begins to feel nauseated
5%
When \_\_ of body fluids are lost, symptoms increase in this order: Dry mouth Dizziness Headache Difficulty breathing Tingling in arms and legs Bluish skin Indistinct speech Inability to walk Cramping legs and stomach
6 - 10%
Prevalent among those living and working in warm, humid climates or in hot spaces ashore or aboard boats, or in cool weather if a person overdresses
Heat rash
Heat rash is also called ___
Prickly heat
Heat rash is caused by ___
Breakdown of a body’s ability to perspire
Decreased evaporative cooling of the skin
Heat rash interferes with ___
Sleep
Symptoms of heat rash
Pink or red minute lesions
Skin irritation
Frequent, severe itching
If heat rash occurs ___
Remove to cool space, cool, wet towels should be applied to affected areas
Painful contractions caused by excessive salt and water depletion
Heat cramps
__ muscles are prone to heat cramps
Recently stressed
Symptoms of heat cramps
Legs drawn into fetal position and excessive sweating will occur. May grimace or cry out in pain
Treating heat cramps
Place in cool place, lie down, offer cool drinks, excessive ingestion of salt not allowed. Treat cramped muscles with heat packs or massage
Occurs when people exercise heavily or work in a warm, humid environment where boy fluids are lost through heavy sweating
Heat exhaustion
Sweat does not evaporate as it should, possibly because of high humidity or too many layers of clothing
Heat exhaustion
Symptoms of heat exhaustion
Person collapses and sweats profusely. Pale skin, pounding heart, nausea, headache, restlessness
Major medical emergency that results from the complete breakdown of the body’s sweating and heat regulatory mechanisms
Heat stroke
Heat stroke is also called ___
Sun stroke
Heat stroke is caused by ___
Operating in bright sun or working in a hot environment
Symptoms of heat stroke
Red skin, hot and dry to touch Body temp above 105 degrees F Weak rapid pulse Confusion, violence, delirium, unconsciousness, lack of coordination Brain damage
Most serious of all heat disorders and is an immediate threat to life
Heat stroke
The result of overloaded heat balance mechanisms that are still functioning
Heat exhaustion
___ strikes the victim when the thermo-regulatory mechanisms are not functioning, and the main avenue of heat loss, evaporation of sweat is blocked
Heat stroke
Two preventive measure of heat illnesses
Water
Salt
Under conditions of profuse sweating, each person will require ___ or more of fluid intake per hour
One pint (.5 litres)
Water should be taken in ___
Small quantities at frequent intervals
The average diet provides ___ of salt daily
15 - 20 grams
Collection of people that uses the technical abilities of its members to achieve a common mission
Team
Team coordination skills (7)
Leadership Mission analysis Adaptability and flexibility Situation awareness Decision-making Communication Assertiveness
Commands and external communication should be done using ___
Standard terminology
Ensure that all information given ___
Is acknowledged by the receiver
Four rules of risk management
- Integrate risk management into mission planning and execution
- Accept no unnecessary risks
- Make risk decisions at the appropriate level
- Accept risks if benefits outweigh costs
Risk management is a ___ process
Repetitive and continuous process
Risk management is most effective when it is ___
Proactive
Understanding risk is highly dependent upon ___
Technical knowledge and expertise
Seven steps of risk management
- Define mission objectives and tasks
- Identify possible hazards to the boat and crew
- Risk is a function of severity, probability and exposure
- Unnecessary risk has to be eliminated
- Did the mission coordinator validate the risk assumed by the coxswain is worth the mission objective?
- This decision implements the best option given the risks and gains, the crew is aware of the expected outcome
- Did the action achieve the desired outcome? Are the risks changing?
Anything that could go wrong with the equipment, the environment, or the team
Hazards
Risk categories
Planning Event complexity Asset selection Communications and supervision Environmental conditions
Function of severity, probability, and exposure
Risk
Describes the potential loss
Severity
The likelihood that the consequences will happen
Probability
The amount of time people or equipment will be exposed to the hazard
Exposure
Levels of risk
High
Medium
Low
Risks cannot be managed with constant control
High risk
Risks are manageable with constant control
Medium risk
Risks are manageable with control as required
Low risk
Unnecessary risk has to be __
Eliminated
Risks can be lowered by examining ___
- Changes to the planned optempo
- Command and control
- Mission tasks
- Timing of tasks
- Boat requirements or crew qualifications
- Number of assigned boats and/or crew
- Required equipment and/or protective equipment
___ are required before the boat gets underway
Informal crew briefings
Help create a shared mental picture of what is expected to happen and strives to set rules for the mission
Briefings for the coxswain and crew
The best opportunity to evaluate performance and recognize individual and team accomplishment
Debriefing
The wearing of jewelry, including rings, wristwatches, necklaces or other items not consisting of organizational clothing, PPE, or other uniform articles by boat crew members engaged in ____ is prohibited
Hoisting, towing, or other deck evolutions where the potential for snagging exists
The informal crew briefing shall be comprised of these topics
Mission objective
Duties and responsibilities
Positive climate for teamwork
Improvement goals
The informal crew debriefing shall cover these topics
Major events Level of performance Outcome of events Evaluation of goals Establishment of goals
The CG authorizes crewmembers to render first aid, consistent with their training in their role as emergency assistants regardless of their ___
First aid qualifications
Crewmembers providing first aid must do the following
- Evaluate the scene
- Consider whether or not the rescuers are trained and equipped to safely render assistance
- Protect themselves from injury or infection
- Keep calm
- Act quickly
- Call station or sector as appropriate to activate EMS if necessary
When responding to an injury, if the scene is unsafe, it should not be entered until ___
The crew is fully prepared and protected against hazards such a exposed live electrical wires, toxic vapors, fire, blood, or body fluids
This information is important in the initial assessment of injuries
- Number of patients
- General condition of patients
- Mechanism of injury
- Patients level of consciousness
- Causes or symptoms of shock
Those cases that need attention from a medical professional or the crew decides it is beyond their capability
Serious injury cases
Human blood may contain ___
Bloodborne pathogens
It is the responsibility of the ____ to safely transport the victim as rapidly as possible, while preventing further injury, shock, or unnecessary pain
The coxswain and crew
Important rules to remember when transporting an injured person
- Notify station to activate appropriate medical resources
- Avoid moving the patient until that person is examined and all injuries protected
- Immobilize head and neck if injury is suspected prior to movement
- Seek assistance in moving the patient
- Always explain the move procedure in advance to conscious patients
- Movements should be careful, deliberate, and the minimum required
- Almost all patients are transported lying down
This may accompany injury and can reduce a victim’s ability to deal with and survive serious injuries
Shock
Depressed physiological or mental state
Shock
Events that can cause shock
Trauma Allergic reactions Hypothermia Drugs Toxins Heart attack Illnesses Emotional
Symptoms of shock
Restlessness Fainting Thirst Nausea Weakness Anxiousness Fright Dizziness
Signs of shock
Weak rapid pulse Shallow rapid irregular breathing Cold clammy skin Dilated pupils Level of consciousness may be decieving
Strong signs of shock
Skin color Eyes Pulse Respiration Consciousness
Initial treatment of shock
Limit patient’s activity, ideally lying down. Kept warm, if not already overheated. If there is not head injury or breathing trouble, place them on their back and elevate the legs about 8 to 10 inches
Do not allow a shock victim to ___
Eat or drink
Rapid, extreme allergic reaction
Anaphylactic shock
Symptoms of anaphylactic shock
- Itching skin, hives
- Swelling of lips, tongue, feet, throat, and hands
- Wheezing, shortness of breath, coughing
- Nausea and vomiting, abdominal cramps, diarrhea
- Headache
- Altered mental status
- Loss of consciousnes
Severe, sometimes life-threatening, allergic reaction that can occur within minutes of exposure to an offending substance
Anaphylactic shock
Treatment of anaphylactic shock
Requires medication such as epinephrine
Death can occur within ___ after respiratory failure
4 - 6 minutes
Events that may cause people to stop breathing include ___
Near drowning Suffocation Electrocution Poison gas Heart attack Drug overdose Choking
General term that covers all measures taken to restore life of consciousness to an individual
Resuscitation
Measures taken to restore life include ___
Artificial respiration
Cardiac compression
CPR
Method used to restore normal blood-flow to the brain
Cardiac compression
Uses both artificial respirations and chest compressions to revive a victim in respiratory and cardiac arrest
CPR
Symptoms of heart attack
- Severe, crushing type of pain under the breastbone, arms, neck, and jaw
- Profuse sweating
- Shortness of breath
- Extreme anxiety
- Nausea and vomiting
- Bluish discoloration of lips, fingernails, and skin
Treatment for a heart attack
- Keep victim quiet and at rest
- Administer oxygen
- Place the victim in the position of most comfort
- Seek immediate medical assistance
- Determine if victim is taking any medications
- Reassure the patient that assistance is on the way
- Transport as quickly and safely as possible
Any bleeding or clotting affecting the blood vessels of the brain
Stroke
Symptoms of a major stroke
Unconsciousness Shock Confusion Dizziness Numbness/weakness on one side of body Seizures Impaired vision
Symptoms of a minor stroke
Headache
Facial droop
Difficulty speaking, or limited usage of a limb
Treatment of stroke
- Activate EMS
- Obtain medical assistance immediately
- Treat as for shock
- Assist with breathing if necessary
CG level of assistance in scuba accidents
Arranging or providing transportation for victims and advising interested parties of the location for the nearest recompression facility
While transporting scuba victims, treatment should be ___
Same as shock, but do not elevate the legs
Two special problems usually seen in scuba diving accidents
Air emboli
The bends
Air bubbles in a diver’s blood
Air emboli
Air emboli is most often found in divers who ___
Hold their breath during ascent
Decompression sickness
The bends
Result of coming up too quickly from a deep, prolonged dive
The bends
Symptoms and signs of decompression sickness
Deep pain to the muscles and joints Choking Coughing Labored breathing Chest pains Blotches on the skin
Rapid ascent defeats the body’s ability to filter escaping gases through the lungs resulting in ___
Nitrogen gas bubbles in the blood stream
The onset of the bends can take from ___
1 to 48 hours to appear
Divers increase the risk of decompression sickness if they fly within __ after a dive
12 hours
For scuba victims, place them on their ___ side with head down
Left
Medical information needed to arrange correct response for a scuba incident
Depth of diving activities Number of dives that day Overall medical condition First occurrence of symptoms Problems during dive
Strip of woven material that holds a wound, dressing, or splint in place, helping to immobilize, support, and protect an injured part of the body
Bandage
Used for injuries to the chest or abdomen
Binder
Useful as a bandage for almost any part of the body
Gauze bandages
Useful for small wounds that are clean
Band-Aids
Useful as an emergency cover for an entire scalp, hand, foot, or other large area
Triangular bandages
Two general principles for bandage application
- Should be snug, but not so tight as to interfere with circulation either at the time or later if swelling occurs
- A bandage is useless if tied too loose
Escape of blood from arteries, veins, or even capillaries because of a break in their walls
Hemorrhage
Types of bleeding
Arterial
Venous
Capillary
Characterized by blood that is bright red and gushes forth in jets or spurts that are synchronized with the victim’s pulse
Arterial bleeding
Characterized by blood that is dark red, and comes in a steady flow
Venous bleeding
Characterized by blood that is bright red, and oozes from the wound
Capillary bleeding
There are ___ of blood in the human body
10 pints
The best method to control hemorrhaging is by ___
Applying direct pressure to the wound
To reduce the flow of bleeding, the wound should be raised so that it is at a level higher than the ____
Heart
If bleeding persists after applying direct pressure or if there is severe arterial bleeding, ___
Digital pressure can be applied at pressure points
Areas in the body where a major artery flows over a bony prominence
Pressure point
Always be extremely careful when applying direct pressure as it may ___
Cause damage to the limb due to inadequate blood flow
Place a tourniquet __ above the wound
2 - 3 inches
Broken or cracked bone
Fracture
The bone has broke and an open wound is present
Compound (open) fracture
No open wound is present, but the bone may be broken or cracked
Simple (closed) fracture
Indications of a fracture
Pain, swelling, discoloration at injury site
Misalignment and/or disability of injured part
Victim’s indication
Treatment of fracture
Immobilize with splint, don’t attempt to straighten
Treatment of spinal injuries
Maintain alignment and immobilize the spine, do not splint
Indication that a patient’s rib may have punctured a lung
Coughing up frothy bright red blood
Causes of burns
Thermal Chemical Sunburn Electric shock Radiation
In general the ___ of the burn is more important than the __ of the burn
Size
Degree
Burns are classified by ___
Depth or degree of skin damage
General classifications of burns
First-degree
Second-degree
Third-degree
Mildest form of burn
First-degree
These burns involve only the outer layer of skin
First-degree
Signs of first-degree burn
Redness, increased warmth, tenderness, and mild pain
___ burns extend through the outer layers of the skin
Second-degree
These burns involve the inner layers of the skin, but not enough to prevent rapid regeneration
Second-degree
Signs of second-degree burns
Blisters, severe pain, redness, and warmth
___ burns are those that penetrate the full thickness of the skin, destroying both the outer and inner layers
Third-degree
Symptoms of third-degree burns
Severe pain may be absent, white lifeless color to black (charred)
Burns of the respiratory tract may be diagnosed by __
Singed eyelashes, hoarseness, sore throat, or coughing of blood
In determining what percentage of a victim's body surface area has suffered some type of damage, these estimates should be used: Chest \_\_ Back \_\_ Arm \_\_ Leg \_\_ Head \_\_ Genitals \_\_
8% 8% 9% 18% 9% 1%
Use only __ for flushing the eyes
Fresh tap water
PFD
Personal Flotation Device
General name for the various devices designed to keep a person afloat in water
PFD
How many types of PFD?
5
Type I PFD
Offshore life jacket
One-piece, reversible PFD intended primarily for use by survivors, passengers on towed vessels, or prisoners aboard vessels
Type I
Only wearable flotation device required to be reversible
Type I
___ PFD is effective in all waters, especially open, rough, or remote waters where rescue may be delayed
Type I
Type I PFD is designed to ___
Turn most unconscious wearers in the water from face-down to vertical or slightly backward
Type II PFD
Near-shore buoyant vest
Wearable device that will turn some unconscious wearers to a face-up position in the water
Type II PFD
Type III PFD
Flotation aid
Routinely worn aboard boats when freedom of movement is required and the risk of falling over the side is minimal
Type III PFD
Type III PFD buoyancy
15.5 lbs
Type IV PFD
CG approved device to be thrown to a PIW and is grasped by the user until rescued
Type V PFD
Special-use devices
All PFDs in service shall be outfitted with two accessories
- Whistle
- Distress signal light
PML
Personnel Marker Light
The PML is what color?
Yellow-green
The PML is visible for a distance of approximately ___ on a clear night, and lasts as long as ____
One mile
8 hours
In temperatures below ___ the PML will last longer, but have a lesser brilliance
50 degrees F
Four primary types of hypothermia protective clothing used in the CG
Anti-exposure coverall
Dry suit
Wet suit
Immersion suit
Water temp at which anti-exposure suit is necessary
60 degrees F
Air and water temp at which dry suit is necessary
Both at 50 degrees F
Also known as a survival suit
Immersion suit
Worn when abandoning ship
Immersion suit
Worn over all PFDs except inflatables
Boat crew survival vest
Contents of boat crew survival vest
- Emergency signaling mirror
- Signal whistle
- Marine smoke and illumination signal
- Distress signal light
- Survival knife
- Personal Locator Beacon
Pocket-sized mirror with a sighting hole in the center and a lanyard attached
Emergency signaling mirror
Used to attract the attention of passing aircraft, boats, or ground rescue teams by reflecting light at them
Emergency signaling mirror
Range of the emergency signaling mirror
Great distances
Instructions for using the mirror are ___
Printed on the backside
Small, hand-held device that produces a loud sound when it is blown
Signal whistle
Standard whistle construction
Plastic with no cork ball
Signal whistle’s audible distance
1000 metres/1100 yards
MK-124 MOD 0
Smoke and Illumination Signal
Pyrotechnic smoke and illumination signal used day or night as a distress signal at sea or on land
MK-124 MOD 0
One end of the MK-124 produces ___ as the day signal and the other end produces ___ as the night signal
Orange smoke
A red flare
Weight of MK-124
8 oz
The ends of the MK-124 burns for about ___
20 seconds
The night end of the MK-124 has ___
Two raised bands around its circumference
Hold the MK-124 ___
Downwind and overhead at a 45 degree angle
If the MK-124 smoke signal end flames up ___
Briefly immerse it in water or hold it against a solid object
MK-79 MOD 0
Illumination Signal Kit
Pyrotechnic illumination signal kit that contains seven screw-in cartridge flares and one pencil-type projector
MK-79 MOD 0
The MK-79 contains ___ flares
7
MK-79 produce ___
A red star display at an altitude of 250-650 feet for a minimum time of 4.5 seconds. Luminous intensity of 12000 candle power
Altitude of MK-79
250-650 feet
Burn time of MK-79
4.5 seconds
Luminous intensity of MK-79
12000 candle power
If the MK-79 fails to fire after two attempts, wait ___ before unscrewing
30 seconds
Lightweight, compact, battery-operated strobe light that emits a high intensity visual distress signal
Distress signal light
One side of the distress signal light is equipped with ___
Hook tape
The distress signal light emits ___
50 flashes per minute, with a luminous intensity of 100000 candle power
The distress signal light will flash for ___ when operated continuously or ___ when operated intermittently
9 hours
18 hours
On a clear night the distress signal light will have a minimum visual range of ___
5 miles
Basic tool to free the crew member from entangling lines
Survival knife
Thee survival knife should be of ___ design
Fixed blade made of corrosion-resistant material
The primary distress signal
PLB
PLB broadcasts on ___
406 MHz and 121.5 MHz
406 MHz can provide a position accurate to within ___ within ___
Three NM
90 minutes
121.5 MHz can provide a signal to ___
Help to home in on the individual in distress once on scene
MK-127A1
Parachute Illumination Signal
MK-127A1 produces ___
Parachute-suspended white star flare
MK-127 burn time
36 seconds
MK-127 altitude
650-700 feet
When does the MK-127 ignite?
After climbing to altitude
Luminous intensity of MK-127
125000 candle power
MK-127 descent rate
10 - 15 feet per second
What part of the MK-127 should be facing up?
The red band
The MK-127 should be facing ____ when fired
90 degrees
If a MK-127 misfires it cannot be approached for at least ___
30 minutes
The six person raft is usually carried on CG boats greater than ___
30’
Length of life raft painter line
50’
Painter line weak link requires ___ to break
500 lbs of force
Drop the raft on the ___ side of the boat
Leeward
Line used on CG boats is classified in two different ways
Material used
Size
Lines are categorized as ___
Natural fiber or synthetic fiber
Line is measured by ___
Circumference
Small stuff
Up to 1.5” in circumference
Line
1.5” to 5” in circumference
Hawser
Everything over 5” in circumference
Lay of the line
Strands are twisted either to the right or the left
The point where the static pulling force becomes such that any increase in engine load could lead to damage to the engine or the towing bitt
Bollard pull
Used to tie a line back upon itself
Knot
Used to secure two lines together
Bend
Used to tie a line to a ring, rail or spar
Hitch
Main body of the boat
Hull
Three basic hull types
Displacement
Planing
Semi-displacement
