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World History > BM 1 Information > Flashcards

BM 1 Information Flashcards

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1
Q

What role did the Catholic Church play in the daily lives of Europeans?

A

Total control over the people, especially the peasantry/serfs.

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2
Q

Feudalism

A

Hierarchy in society. (peasantry, knights & nobles, lords & ladies, kings & queens)

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3
Q

What advices does Machiavelli’s “The Prince” give to heads of state?

A

Be feared, not loved. If you are feared, people will fall under your control without hesitation due to fear of wrath.

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4
Q

What effect does the printing press have on literacy and ideas?

A

Literacy rates increase due to the spread of humanism and common language, religious questioning raises due to apparent corruption ideas

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5
Q

What were indulgences and how was this an abuse of the Catholic Church’s power?

A

Sale of pardon for sins. It convinced people they could buy their way into heaven without penance for sins.

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6
Q

What changes did Martin Luther want to see in the Catholic Church - 95 Theses?

A

No more indulgences.

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7
Q

In Luther and Lutheranism, what were some of the major teachings?

A

People can achieve salvation through faith and good deeds.

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8
Q

How did Calvinism differ from Lutheranism as well as the Catholic Church?

A

Calvinist believe in predestination

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9
Q

What is predestination?

A

The belief that god decides at beginning of time the likelihood of everyone - whether they go to heaven or hell.

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10
Q

Why did Henry VIII break away from the Catholic Church?

A

The CC would not annul his marriage from his first wife so that he could marry another woman and get a male heir.

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11
Q

Who was Christopher Columbus?

A

Portuguese explorer who sailed for Spain. Sailed the Atlantic in 1492

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12
Q

What did Christopher Columbus find on his exploration?

A

He discovered the Bahamas (thought it was Cuba), discovered Natives had gold (from rings hanging from their nose)

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13
Q

What assumptions did Columbus make about the Natives, and how did that affect the way Spain treated them?

A

Assumed they were uneducated and easy to control, so they took over their colonization and forced them to assimilate to Spanish rule.

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14
Q

What motives did the Europeans have for exploration?

A

3 G’s — God, Gold, Glory

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15
Q

What did Nicolaus Copernicus discover about our universe?

A

Sun was the center of our solar system.

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16
Q

How was it different from what he previously understood about the universe?

A

They thought Earth was the center of the solar system.

17
Q

How did Andreas Vesalius change how we view the human body?

A

He researched through experimentation on cadavers.

18
Q

Causes of Protestant Reformation

A

Corruption, Popes being rich and not giving to the poor, living uncelibate and ungodly life, Indulgences, too much power

19
Q

Impact of the Protestant Reformation

A

Impact of indulgences (Luther), ew protestant religious life, religious wars, counter/catholic reformation

20
Q

What happened to spark the Protestant Reformation?

A

Building of St. Peter’s Basilica: Luther questions why Pope Leo X (wealthiest man in society) couldn’t pay for the Basilica with his own money instead of selling indulgences

21
Q

What was the Edict of Worms?

A

Luther summoned to recant his oppositions against the Catholic Church. Refuses and is announced a heretic and a fugitive.

22
Q

What was the English Reformation?

A

Protestants vs. Catholics : Protestants wanted freedom, Catholics wanted religious dominance.

23
Q

What was the Act of Supremacy?

A

King becomes head of religious life in Great Britain, determines who is gonna be the power over the church of England (Catholic church becoming less powerful, falling apart)

24
Q

What was Counter Reformation?

A

A response to the teachings of Luther and the Protestants (doing everything in their power to stop the teachings of Luther and other protestant reformers)

25
Q

What was the Catholic Reformation?

A

An attempt to address the corruption of the Catholic Church, reform their own teachings & acknowledge possible corruption in order to change it

26
Q

What was the Scientific Revolution?

A

Development of new ways to study the universe.

27
Q

What traits should a Renaissance Man possess?

A

Smart, strong, honest, flexible, talented, dignified, kind, generous, intelligent

World History (2 decks)

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