Blue Boxes and CIS Flashcards
Osgood Schlatter Disease
Separation of patellar ligament at tibial tuberosity
Can cause bony growth
Compartment Syndromes
Edema within leg compartments increases pressure
Increased pressure can cause ischemia
Treat with fasciotomy
Deep Vein Thrombosis
Caused by venous stasis
Causes erythema, swelling and warmth
Saphenous Grafts
Great Saphenous Vein used for coronary bypass
Saphenous cutdown can damage Saphenous N
Causes medial leg/foot numbness
Femoral Hernia
Herniation will occur at the femoral ring, the opening of the femoral canal
Quadriceps Paralysis
Walk with a forward lean with hand on thigh
Chondromalacia Patellae
Runners knee
Softened knee cartilage
Patellar Tendon Reflex
Tests L2-L4 and Femoral N.
Groin Pull
Tearing of anteromedial thigh muscles -> adductors and flexors
Femoral Pulse
Midway between ASIS and Pubic Symphysis
Trendelendburg’s Sign
Duchenne’s Limp
Hip drop associated with waddling gait and ipsilateral side leaning
Intragluteal Injections
Done in superolateral region of buttocks to avoid hitting Sciatic N
Shin Slpints
Strain of Tibialis Anterior M. causing minor compartment swelling
Hip Injury Presentation
Fracture shows lateral rotation of thigh
Dislocation shows medial rotation of thigh
Common Fibular Nerve Injury
Causes foot drop and high stepping gait with a clop sound of foot
Calcaneal Tendon Reflex
Tests the S1 and S2 roots
Plantar Fasciitis
Inflamed plantar aponeurosis from high impact activities
Pain is worst in morning and after sitting
Can cause calcaneal bone spur
Plantar Reflex
Tests L4-S2 roots
Femoral Head Necrosis
Caused by dislocation of hip (kids and Bo Jackson)
Ligamentum Teres and associated artery
Unhappy Triad
ACL, MCL and Medial Meniscus tear together from lateral force
Inversion Ankle Sprain
Tears Anterior Talofibular L
Pott’s Fracture
Caused by eversion ankle sprain
Breaks Medial Malleolus, Distal Fibula and dislocates ankle
Hallux Valgus
Lateral deviation of hallux and sesamoid bones
Causes corns and bunions
Tetrodotoxin
Puffer fish poison
Presents with paralysis, loss of reflexes and facial paresthesias
Botulinum Toxin
Found on fruits, vegetables and soil
Cleaves SNARE compund, blocking Ach release
Presents with nausea, vomiting, dry mouth
Used for wrinkles and headaches clinically
Tetanus Toxin
Found in soil
Stops Ach vesicle release and muscle relaxtion
Causes tetanus
d-Tubocurarine
Non-depolarizing nAchR antagonist
Causes paralysis
Has long half life
Succinylcholine
Depolarizing nAchR agonist
Causes muscle twitches followed by paralysis
Short term effects
Cholinesterase Inhibitors
Increase Ach in synaptic cleft
Lethal levels cause spasm and paralysis
Normally used to treat disease
Malignant Hypothermia
Increased metabolic activity from anesthesia
Caused by ryanodine receptor mutation
Presents as hyperthermia, increased blood CO2, increased O2 use
Treated with Dantrolene
