Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

HemOnc > Bloodborne Bacterial Infections > Flashcards

Bloodborne Bacterial Infections Flashcards

1
Q

What are 3 obligate intracellular, small, gram - coccobacilli that don’t gram stain well and are transmitted via an arthropod vector?

A
  1. Rickettsia
  2. Erlichia
  3. Anaplasma
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the general symptoms that rickettsia, ehrlichia, and anaplasma cause?

A

Fever, rash, and headache

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

How do you visualize rickettsia, erlichia, and anaplasma?

A

Giemsa stain (stain on a blood sample)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What type of testing is done to diagnose rickettsia, erlichia, and anaplasma?

A

Serology (antigens/antibodies, ect.)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is given to treat rickettsia, erlichia, and anaplasma?

A

Doxycycline (ASAP)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What property of rickettsia is used in the Weil-Felix test?

A

That rickettsia can share antigen similarity to Proteus Vulgaris
-Add serum to P. Vulgaris antigens and look for aggulintation… this isn’t used because it’s not specific or sensitive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What transmits rocky mountain spotted fever?

A

TICK

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What so tricky about the ticks that transmit rickettsia?

A

They can do things trans-ovarially… so the momma tick and give rickettsia to the baby tick, which makes it hard to control this disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Where do you see Rickettsia?

A

Southeast US (APPALACHIAN TRAIL)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What seasons you you get Rickettsia in?

A

April to September

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What kind of rash is seen in Rickettsia?

A

Petechial rash that stands OUT and moves IN

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Where do rickettsia proliferate in a human what does this cause?

A

Endothelial lining of small blood vessels causes hemorrhages

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is done to diagnose rickettsia?

A

Microimmunifloouresence looking for antibodies

-IgM first, then IgG a bit later…look for BOTH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is treatment for Rickettsia?

A

Doxycycline ASAP (even in kids)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What does Rickettsia akari cause?

A

Rickettsial pox

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the arhtropod and reservoir for R. Akari?

A

Mite and mice

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What happens to you with R. Akari?

A

Papule at site of bite that’s a vesicle…

-Then general symptoms plus photophobia and more vesicles–> SELF LIMITED

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What causes epidemic typhus?

A

R. Prowazekii

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is the vector for R. Prowazekii?

A

Body lice (spread by fleas from flying squirrels)

-Poverty, war, natural distasters

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What kind of rash does R. Prowazekii cause?

A

Small, pink macules on upper trunk and spreads out with NO rash on palms, soles, or face

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

This is the recurrence of typhus years to decades later, usually in a milder form

A

Brill-Zinsser Disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What causes edemic typhus (murine typhus)?

A

Rickettsia typhi

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is the vector and reservoir for R. Typhi?

A

Flea and rodents

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Where do you see R. Typhi?

A

Warm, humid –> US GULF COAST

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
What does Orientia Tsutsugamushi cause?
Scrub typhus
26
Where do you see scrub typhus?
Asia and SW pacific
27
What is the vector for scrub typhus?
Chiggers in soil/sand | mites on rodents
28
What is seen with scrub typhus?
Scab at bite with a flat maculopapular rash
29
Ehrlichiosis (an obligate intracellular bacteria) infects what?
WBC
30
What is the vector for ehrlichiosis?
TICK
31
When do you see ehrlichiosis?
April to October
32
Human monocytic erlichiosis (E. Chaffeensis) affects what?
Monocytes
33
Human anaplasmosis (Anaplasma phagocytophilum) affects what?
Granulocytes (eosinophils, basophils, neutrophils)
34
What lab values would be seen with an erlichiosis infection?
Leukopenia and thrombocytopenia
35
How do you diagnose Erlichiosis?
Geima/Wright stain- SEE MORULAE | -PCR or serology
36
Where does erlichiosis reproduce in the cell?
Phagosome
37
What's a morula?
Clumbs of reproducing erlichiosis bugs in the membrane
38
What side of the US gets erlichiosis?
EAST (midwest too)
39
What causes Lyme disease?
Borrelia Burgdorferi
40
What is the vector and reserboir for lyme disease?
Tick | White-footed mice or white-tailed deer
41
What is treatment for Lyme Disease?
Doxy or amocillin
42
Where do you see Lyme disease?
GREAT LAKES
43
What's the number 1 thing you think of with Lyme Disease?
BULLS-EYE RASH Be careful for tricky shits that phrase it like concentric rings or something
44
How many stages to Lyme disease?
3
45
What's stage 1 Lyme disease?
BULLS-EYE RASH and flu-like symptoms
46
What is stage 2 Lyme disease?
Disseminated | MIGRATORY JOINT AND MUSCLE PAIN
47
What is stage 3 Lyme disease?
CHRONIC | arthritis and encephalitis
48
Do the ticks with borrelia burgdorferi do the whole trans-ovarial business?
NO
49
When you diagnose Lyme disease what 2 options for your first test?
EIA or IFA looking for antibodies
50
If your result in positive or equivocal what do you look at for a second test if - Signs/symptoms under 30 - Signs/symptoms over 30
- Under: IgM and IgG | - Over: IgG only (IgM no longer helpful son)
51
What do you always need to consider in Lyme disease because the testing is so spotty?
SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS
52
What are the 2 forms of Borellia or Relapsing Fever?
1. Endemic (seen in US) | 2. Epidemic (outbreak in isolated population)
53
What is associated with endemia borellia?
RUSTIC LOG CABINS | -Soft ticks and rodents
54
What causes the epidemic form of borellia?
Borellia Recurrentis
55
What is the vector for endemic borellia recurrentis?
LOUSE -Human to Human
56
Where do you see borrelia recurrentis?
Ethiopia, Rwanda, and Sudan -DIRTY PLACES
57
How do you diagnose borellia recurrentis?
Microscopy (no serology because of antigenic variation) | -You can see the little shits on a blood smear (spirochetes)
58
What is treatment for borellia recurrentis?
Tetracyclines or penicillins
59
How many relapses do you get with endemic relapsing fever due to antigenic variation?
10
60
How many relapses do you get with epidemic relapsing fever due to antigenic variation?
1
61
What is antigenic variation?
A VIRULENCE FACTOR | -Change proteins on cell curface)
62
Why does epidemic relapsing fever have fewer relapses?
More readily recognized (cause its an epidemic) so it's treated sooner, fewer felapses
63
What does leptospira interrogan cause?
Leptospirosis
64
Where is leptospira interrogans found?
Urine of dogs, rats, livestock, and wild animals
65
How do you get leptospira?
Direct contact with urine...it penetrates cuts or scrapes in the skin -Swimming or standing in contaminated water
66
Where does leptospira invade?
Blood and CSF
67
What are 2 unique symptoms to leptospira?
Red conjunctiva and photophobia
68
What happens with the course of symptoms in leptospira?
They wane and reoccur
69
Who is the classic leptospira patient?
A surfer in Hawaii (constantly urine contaminated water)
70
What is the description of leptospira bug?
Shepards crook: It's a spirochete with hooked ends
71
How do you diagnose leptospira?
Microscopic agglutination test- Detect if antibodies in the patient's serum can agglutinate leptospires (see if they clump)
72
What do you use to treat leptospira?
IV penicillin or doxy
73
What is Weil syndrome?
The sequela of leptospira including renal failure, hepatitis, jaundice, mental status changes, and hemorrhage
74
Describe Bartonella?
It's a gram - rod that is fastidious (meaning it's hard to grow in the lab)
75
What are the 3 species of Bartonella that we worry about?
1. Bartonalla quintana 2. Bartonella bacilliformis 3. Bartonella Henselae
76
What does bartonella quintana cause?
Trench fever
77
Vector and reservoir for Trench fever?
Body louse and humans -Associated with poor hygeiene
78
What is a specific symptom for bartonall quintana?
severe bone pain in back and legs | SHIN FEVER
79
How often do the symtpoms reoccur in Trench Fever?
5 day intervals
80
What is given for Trench Fever?
Erythromycin or Doxy
81
What does Bartonella bacilliformis cause?
Oroya fever or Carrion Disease
82
What is the vector for oroya fever?
SAND FLY -These get the disease from dead animals
83
Where do you see Oroya Fever?
Peru, Ecudaor, Colombia
84
What do Oroya Fever infect in us?
Our RBCs... leads to anemia, myalgia, arthralgia, and headache
85
What happens in chronic disease with oroya fever?
1-2cm cutaneous nodules that are blood filled and last months to years
86
What is the treatment for Oroya Fever?
Doxy or chloramphenicol
87
What does B. Henselae cause?
Cat scratch disease- Don't let the cats bite you or scratch you (CAT FLEAS)
88
What does cat scratch disease cause?
Regional lymphadenopathy (BUBOS) -BUBOS also seen with yersinia pestis in the groin
89
So if a cat has B. Henselae and scratches you and you are normal what happen? If you are immunocompromised?
- Cat scratch disease | - Bacillary angiomatosis
90
What can bacillary angiomatosis be mixed up with?
Kaposi sarcoma (AIDS pts.)

HemOnc (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions