Blood Vessle Hypractivity

Question 1

Raynaud phenomenon

Answer 1

Exaggerated vasoconstriction of fingers and toes - arteries/arterioles

Primary: increase alpha 2 andrengic responses in digital and cutaneous vessels

Secondary - vascular insufficiency due to arterioles narrowing caused by other conditions

Question 2

Berry anyerisms

Answer 2

Cerebral vessels

Can rupture

Congenital vascular diseas

Question 3

Arteriovenous fistulas

Answer 3

Abonormal connections between artery and vein

Congenital vascular disease

Question 4

Varicose veins

Answer 4

Superficial lower extremity veins dilated and twisting due to chronically elevated pressure - weaken walls valves don’t work properly

Causes: pregnancy, hereditary, venous defects, obesity

Pathogenesis: inadequate muscle pump function, incompetent venous valves and venous thrombosis or obstruction causes venous HT - vein dilation not

Clinical features

Stats is
Congestion
Persistent edema
Pain
Embolism rare

Question 5

Varcositiesa at other sites

Answer 5

Esophageal - portal vein HT due to liver cohorts is cause blood to back up in the veins of GI tract can rupture and cause massive bleeding

Hemhorrids

Question 6

Lymphangitis

Answer 6

Vessel inflammation

Lymphandentits : inflammation of lymph nodes

Etiology: spread of acute inflammation into lymphatics due to acute inflammation (s. Pyrogens), damaged Chanel’s, an atomic abnormalities leading to obstruction

Clinical manifestations

Painful sub cutaneous red streak often with enlarged lymph node

Lead to sepsis

Question 7

Lymphedema

Answer 7

Enlargement of lymphatic system

Primary: congenital or inherited condition

Secondary: blockage of normal lymphatic flow (malignant tumor, surgical procedure)

Clinical consequences: edema at distal site of obstruction

Chronic edema - deposition of ECM and fibrosis - orange peel appearance of underlying skin