Blood Vessels and Haemodynamics Flashcards
3 methods of substance exchange
- Diffusion
- Transcytosis
- Bulk flow
2 pressures that promote filtration
- Blood hydrostatic pressure
- Interstitial fluid osmotic pressure
2 pressures that promote reabsorption
- Blood colloid osmotic pressure
- Interstitial fluid hydrostatic pressure
Filtration occurs when net filtration pressure is…
Positive
Reabsorption occurs when net filtration pressure is…
Negative
3 reasons more fluid is filtered in glomerular capillaries than blood capillaries
- Larger surface area
- More porous capillaries
- Greater pressures
Formula for blood flow
Blood flow = Mean blood velocity x Cross-sectional area of artery
3 factors affecting blood flow
- Pressure
- Resistance
- Venous return
3 factors affecting resistance
- Blood viscosity
- Vessel length
- Vessel radius
Definition of systemic vascular resistance
Resistance provided by entire vasculature
Blood pressure regulated by _ in _
- Cardiovascular centre
- Medulla oblongata
_ can provide feedback about muscle movements to increase blood pressure
Proprioceptors
_ in _ and _ detect pressure changes and react by raising or lowering blood pressure
- Baroreceptors
- Carotid sinus
- Aortic arch
Chemoreceptors in carotid and aortic bodies detect changes in _, _ and _ levels and adjust blood pressure accordingly
- Oxygen
- Carbon dioxide
- Hydrogen ions
4 hormones capable of increasing blood pressure
- Angiotensin II
- Antidiuretic hormone
- Epinephrine/norepinephrine
- Aldosterone
