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Systems Path Exam II > Blood Vessels > Flashcards

Blood Vessels Flashcards

(59 cards)

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1
Q

Vascular disease MC involves the ________

A

Arteries

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2
Q

What is the Tunica intima made up of

A

endothelia cells

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3
Q

What is the Tunica Media made of

A

Smooth m.

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4
Q

What is the Tunica Adventitia made up of

A

CT, nerves, vessels

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5
Q

The lumen supplies the interior of blood vessels via diffusion, but how does the exterior get supplied

A

By vasa vasorum

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6
Q

What does endothelial activation do to inflammation

A

Inc.

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7
Q

What does rupture of a berry aneurysm lead to

A

Subarachnoid hemorrhage

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8
Q

What is it called when a larger artery inappropriately connects to a vein, bypassing capillaries

A

AV fistula

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9
Q

What is local thickening of medium/large artery walls leading to ischemia (MC in young adult females)

A

Fibromuscular Dysplasia

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10
Q

Irreversible intimal thickening of the vessel happens in response to what

A

Injury

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11
Q

What is the MC form of arteriosclerosis

A

Atherosclerosis

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12
Q

What has the classic “Onionskin” appearance

A

Hyperplastic Arteriolosclerosis

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13
Q

99% of arteriosclerosis is what

A

Atherosclerosis

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14
Q

What is a fat-laden macrophage found within atheromas

A

Foam Cell

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15
Q

What is accelerated by hemodynamic stress, MC at branch points or other turbulent areas

A

Atherosclerosis

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16
Q

What is dilation of all 3 layers of a vessel wall

A

True Aneurysm

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17
Q

What is an isolated defect in a vascular wall

A

False Aneurysm

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18
Q

Abdominal aorta, iliac arteries, and aortic arch are the MC locations for what

A

Aneurysms

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19
Q

Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm is a contraindication to what

A

Adjusting

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20
Q

What is marked by abnormal copper ion transpiration which damages liver, brain, eyes

A

Wilson’s Disease

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21
Q

What is a type A aortic dissection

A

Ascending aorta. MC and more severe

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22
Q

What is at type B aortic dissection

A

Distal to Lt. subclavian artery. Less common and less severe

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23
Q

What is the MC vasculitis in elderly

A

Temporal arteritis

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24
Q

What is defined by “splays apart the laminar planes of the media to form a blood-filled channel inside the aortic wall

Study These Flashcards
A

Aortic Dissection

25
What is the major risk factor (90%) for Pericardial Tamponade
HTN
26
What is Pericardial Tamponade
When fluid accumulates in the pericardium, preventing the ventricles from fully expanding, leads to heart failure
27
What conditions make aortic dissections more common
Marfans, Elhers-Danlos, Wilsons
28
What are the 3 types of vasculitis
Infectous (Hep B, syphilis) Immune-mediated (type III hypersensitivity) Misc. ie. irradiation, trauma
29
What does temporal arteritis form, and what artery is is involved 50%
Forms granulomas (giant cells) and Opthalmic
30
What is Takayasu Arteritis aka
Pulseless Disease
31
What is Takayasu Arteritis, and who is MC affected
Narrowing of the aortic arch. MC
32
What is systemic autoimmune vasculitis of small/medium sized areteires MC in the kidneys, heart, liver or GI
Polyarteritis nodosa
33
T/F: Polyarteritis Nodosa is fatal if untreated, but corticosteroids cure ~90%
True
34
What is pediatric vasculitis (80%
Kawasaki Disease
35
What specific group of people are at a greater risk for kawasaki disease
Rare, but Asian males
36
What does Kawasaki Disease have no response to
Ibuprofen or acetaminophen
37
What is there of note about the tongue in Kawasaki Disease
"strawberry tongue"
38
What condition is idiopathic swelling of the liver and brain brought on by the combination of Aspirin and Viral infection (flu or chickenpox). MC 4-12. Med. Emergency, can be rapidly fatal
Reye Syndrome
39
What is a Type IV hypersensitivity of Necrotizing vasculitis of kidneys and repiratory tract. MC males ~40. 80% lethal within a year.
Wegener Gragnulomatosis
40
What is vasculitis of heavy tobacco smokers. tibal feet radial hands. Males 3x 25-35. Ischemia, pain, cyanosis/cold, ulcerations, gangrene
Thromboangiitis Obliterans (Buerger Disease)
41
What is a heart condition following extreme psychological stress. Surge of catecholamines inc. HR and cardiac contractility and coronary artery vasospasm
Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy
42
What are Broken Heart syndrome and Stress-induced cardiomyopathy both aka
Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy
43
What is formation of a clot within a vessel
Thrombosis
44
What is the generic term for venous inflam
Phlebitis
45
Varicose veins, Phlebothrombosis (no previous inflam), and Thrombophlebitis (follows inflam) account for what % of venous diseases
(90%)
46
Most Thrombophlebitis (>90%) are what
DVTs
47
Bronchogenic carcinoma, mediastinal lymphoma, Congested UE veins, UE cyanosis/edema describes what condition
Sup. Vena Cava Syndrome
48
Hepatocellular carcinoma, renal cell carcinoma, pregnancy, congested LE veins, LE cyanosis/edema, and proteinuria describe what condition
Inf. Vena Cava Syndrome
49
What does Lymphedema MC follow
Infection or Inflammation
50
Primary lymphedema has congenital lymphatic malformations and is aka
Milroy disease
51
When does secondary lymphedema occur
When something obstructs a previously normal lymph vessel. MC Filariasis
52
Peau d'orange is seen in what kind of lymphedema
Acute lymphedema
53
Brawny induration is hardening of the skin seen in what kind of lyphedema
Chronic lymphedema
54
What is the MC cause of lymphangitis
Post bacterial infection
55
What is condition is asymptomatic, unless T cell immunity is altered. associated with "purpura"
Kaposi Sarcoma. caused by Kaposi Sarcoma Herpesvirus
56
What is a malignancy of vascular endothelia MC Dx. in older adults and can be either differentiated (less aggressive) or anaplastic (invasive and highly malignant)
Angiosarcoma
57
What is the common Tx. for CAD (90%)
Endovascular Stenting
58
What is the goal of a vascular graft
Replace or bypass arteries, limitation is long-term patency
59
Which is best to use for vascular replacment A. Synthetic B. Great Saphenous Vein C. Internal Mammary Artery
C. Internal Mammary artery = 90% at 10 years * GSV-50% at 10 years * Synthetic inc. risk of thrombosis

Systems Path Exam II (2 decks)

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