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heart > blood vessels > Flashcards

blood vessels Flashcards

1
Q

innermost layer

A

Tunica intima

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2
Q

is the only part of a vessel that
is in contact with blood

A

Tunica intima

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3
Q

its smoothness prevents
abnormal blood clotting

A

Tunica intima

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4
Q

is made of simple squamous
epithelium called endothelium
w/c is continuous w/ the
endocardium of the heart

A

Tunica intima

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5
Q

middle layer

A

Tunica media

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6
Q

is made of smooth muscle &
elastic connective tissue

A

Tunica media

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7
Q

controls the diameter of the
vessel’s lumen

A

Tunica media

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8
Q

involved in the maintenance
of normal blood pressure

A

Tunica media

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9
Q

tunica media controls the diameter of the vessels ___?

A

lumen

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10
Q

_____ of smooth muscle
→ ____ lumen diameter →
vasodilation & BP ____

A

relaxation and high and low

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11
Q

___ of smooth muscle→ low lumen diameter → ____

A

contraction and vasoconstriction & BP high

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12
Q

also called tunica adventitia

A

Tunica externa

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13
Q

outer layer

A

Tunica externa

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14
Q

is made of fibrous connective
tissue

A

Tunica externa

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15
Q

is important to prevent the
rupture or bursting of the
larger arteries that carry
blood under high pressure

A

Tunica externa

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16
Q

TYPES of Blood Vessels

A
  1. Arteries
  2. Capillaries
  3. Veins
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17
Q

PATHWAY of Blood in Blood Vessels

A

heart, large artery, small artery, arteriole, capillary, venule, veins

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18
Q

carry blood from the heart to
the capillaries

A

Arteries

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19
Q

have higher pressures since
they directly arise from the
heart

A

Arteries

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20
Q

to withstand pressure, they
have thicker tunica media &
externa compared to veins

A

Arteries

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21
Q

the
pressure generated by the
pumping action of the heart w/c
helps propel blood rapidly to the
capillaries & facilitate exchange
bet. tissues;

A

hydrostatic pressure

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22
Q

this pressure
decreases as blood gets farther
away from the heart

A

hydrostatic pressure

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23
Q

start as larger arteries &
branch off into smaller ones

A

Arteries

24
Q

as they branch out, they
usually ____ or connect
w/ one another to provide
____ for the flow of
blood called ____, if one vessel
becomes obstructed

A

anastomose, alternate routes, collateral
circulation

25
Q

the largest artery

A

aorta

26
Q

the artery which has
the highest
hydrostatic pressure

A

aorta

27
Q

where all the large,
medium & small
arteries of the
systemic circulation
arise from

A

aorta

28
Q

smallest, almost
microscopic, arteries
that branch off the
small arteries into
capillaries

A

arterioles

29
Q

its smooth muscles
control the amount of
blood reaching the
capillaries

A

arterioles

30
Q

the smallest of blood
vessels

A

Capillaries

31
Q

are thin-walled,
microscopic vessels
(5-10 μm wide) which
connect the arterioles
& venules (smallest
veins)

A

Capillaries

32
Q

they surround
almost every cell
in the body

A

Capillaries

33
Q

are more
numerous in the
muscles, liver,
kidneys, &
nervous system

A

Capillaries

34
Q

are fewer in the
tendons &
ligaments

A

Capillaries

35
Q

are absent in the
covering & lining
epithelia, cornea
& cartilage.

A

Capillaries

36
Q

only made up of
endothelium

A

Capillaries

37
Q

their thin walls
permit exchange
of substances
between blood &
interstitial fluid

A

Capillaries

38
Q

the rate of
blood flow in
capillaries is
slow to permit
sufficient time
for the
exchange of
substances

A

Capillaries

39
Q

refers to the movement of substances
between blood & interstitial fluid w/c
occurs mostly via diffusion &
filtration

A

capillary exchange

40
Q

this process is opposite
in the case of gas exchange in the
pulmonary capillaries]

A

diffusion

41
Q

occurs in the arterial end
of a capillary; the high hydrostatic
pressure pushes plasma & dissolved
nutrients

A

filtration

42
Q

follows filtration; occurs
in the venous end of a capillary; since
there is low hydrostatic pressure in this
area, the high colloid osmotic pressure
exerted by albumin in the blood pulls
back most of the pushed fluid from the
tissues into the capillaries

A

reabsorption

43
Q

carry blood from capillaries
back to the heart

A
44
Q

have thinner tunica media &
externa compared to arteries

A

Veins

45
Q

their tunica intima contains
valves w/c prevent backflow
of blood (valves most
numerous in leg veins)

A

Veins

45
Q

their tunica intima contains
valves w/c prevent backflow
of blood (valves most
numerous in leg veins)

A

Veins

46
Q

contain the largest portion
(64%) of blood volume at rest;
thus, they serve as blood
reservoirs

A
47
Q

when the need for blood
arises (e.g. hemorrhage,
exercise), their tunica media
constrict to  venous return to
the heart

A

Veins

48
Q

they also anastomose to
ensure that blood will be able
to return to the heart in order
to be pumped again

A

Veins

49
Q

have lower hydrostatic
pressures compared to
arteries

A

Veins

50
Q

small, almost
microscopic, veins
that carry blood
away from the
capillaries toward
the heart

A

venules

51
Q

collective term for
the superior &
inferior vena cava

A

venae cavae

52
Q

the largest of all the
veins w/c return
blood back to the
heart

A

venae cavae

53
Q

form larger veins as
they approach the
heart

A

venules

54
Q
A

heart (2 decks)

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