blood vessels

Question 1

innermost layer

Answer 1

Tunica intima

Question 2

is the only part of a vessel that
is in contact with blood

Answer 2

Tunica intima

Question 3

its smoothness prevents
abnormal blood clotting

Answer 3

Tunica intima

Question 4

is made of simple squamous
epithelium called endothelium
w/c is continuous w/ the
endocardium of the heart

Answer 4

Tunica intima

Question 5

middle layer

Answer 5

Tunica media

Question 6

is made of smooth muscle &
elastic connective tissue

Answer 6

Tunica media

Question 7

controls the diameter of the
vessel’s lumen

Answer 7

Tunica media

Question 8

involved in the maintenance
of normal blood pressure

Answer 8

Tunica media

Question 9

tunica media controls the diameter of the vessels ___?

Answer 9

lumen

Question 10

_____ of smooth muscle
→ ____ lumen diameter →
vasodilation & BP ____

Answer 10

relaxation and high and low

Question 11

___ of smooth muscle→ low lumen diameter → ____

Answer 11

contraction and vasoconstriction & BP high

Question 12

also called tunica adventitia

Answer 12

Tunica externa

Question 13

outer layer

Answer 13

Tunica externa

Question 14

is made of fibrous connective
tissue

Answer 14

Tunica externa

Question 15

is important to prevent the
rupture or bursting of the
larger arteries that carry
blood under high pressure

Answer 15

Tunica externa

Question 16

TYPES of Blood Vessels

Answer 16

1. Arteries
2. Capillaries
3. Veins

Question 17

PATHWAY of Blood in Blood Vessels

Answer 17

heart, large artery, small artery, arteriole, capillary, venule, veins

Question 18

carry blood from the heart to
the capillaries

Answer 18

Arteries

Question 19

have higher pressures since
they directly arise from the
heart

Answer 19

Arteries

Question 20

to withstand pressure, they
have thicker tunica media &
externa compared to veins

Answer 20

Arteries

Question 21

the
pressure generated by the
pumping action of the heart w/c
helps propel blood rapidly to the
capillaries & facilitate exchange
bet. tissues;

Answer 21

hydrostatic pressure

Question 22

this pressure
decreases as blood gets farther
away from the heart

Answer 22

hydrostatic pressure

Question 23

start as larger arteries &
branch off into smaller ones

Answer 23

Arteries

Question 24

as they branch out, they
usually ____ or connect
w/ one another to provide
____ for the flow of
blood called ____, if one vessel
becomes obstructed

Answer 24

anastomose, alternate routes, collateral
circulation

Question 25

the largest artery

Answer 25

aorta

Question 26

the artery which has the highest hydrostatic pressure

Answer 26

aorta

Question 27

where all the large, medium & small arteries of the systemic circulation arise from

Answer 27

aorta

Question 28

smallest, almost microscopic, arteries that branch off the small arteries into capillaries

Answer 28

arterioles

Question 29

its smooth muscles control the amount of blood reaching the capillaries

Answer 29

arterioles

Question 30

the smallest of blood vessels

Answer 30

Capillaries

Question 31

are thin-walled, microscopic vessels (5-10 μm wide) which connect the arterioles & venules (smallest veins)

Answer 31

Capillaries

Question 32

they surround almost every cell in the body

Answer 32

Capillaries

Question 33

are more numerous in the muscles, liver, kidneys, & nervous system

Answer 33

Capillaries

Question 34

are fewer in the tendons & ligaments

Answer 34

Capillaries

Question 35

are absent in the covering & lining epithelia, cornea & cartilage.

Answer 35

Capillaries

Question 36

only made up of endothelium

Answer 36

Capillaries

Question 37

their thin walls permit exchange of substances between blood & interstitial fluid

Answer 37

Capillaries

Question 38

the rate of blood flow in capillaries is slow to permit sufficient time for the exchange of substances

Answer 38

Capillaries

Question 39

refers to the movement of substances between blood & interstitial fluid w/c occurs mostly via diffusion & filtration

Answer 39

capillary exchange

Question 40

this process is opposite in the case of gas exchange in the pulmonary capillaries]

Answer 40

diffusion

Question 41

occurs in the arterial end of a capillary; the high hydrostatic pressure pushes plasma & dissolved nutrients

Answer 41

filtration

Question 42

follows filtration; occurs in the venous end of a capillary; since there is low hydrostatic pressure in this area, the high colloid osmotic pressure exerted by albumin in the blood pulls back most of the pushed fluid from the tissues into the capillaries

Answer 42

reabsorption

Question 43

carry blood from capillaries back to the heart

Question 44

have thinner tunica media & externa compared to arteries

Answer 44

Veins

Question 45

their tunica intima contains valves w/c prevent backflow of blood (valves most numerous in leg veins)

Answer 45

Veins

Question 45

their tunica intima contains valves w/c prevent backflow of blood (valves most numerous in leg veins)

Answer 45

Veins

Question 46

contain the largest portion (64%) of blood volume at rest; thus, they serve as blood reservoirs

Question 47

when the need for blood arises (e.g. hemorrhage, exercise), their tunica media constrict to  venous return to the heart

Answer 47

Veins

Question 48

they also anastomose to ensure that blood will be able to return to the heart in order to be pumped again

Answer 48

Veins

Question 49

have lower hydrostatic pressures compared to arteries

Answer 49

Veins

Question 50

small, almost microscopic, veins that carry blood away from the capillaries toward the heart

Answer 50

venules

Question 51

collective term for the superior & inferior vena cava

Answer 51

venae cavae

Question 52

the largest of all the veins w/c return blood back to the heart

Answer 52

venae cavae

Question 53

form larger veins as they approach the heart

Answer 53

venules