Blood transfusion in practice Flashcards

1
Q

tx of 76 year old with Hb 54 g/L and blood film consistent with megaloblastic anaemia

A

b12 and folate, don’t transfuse

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2
Q

tx 48 year old lady admitted for a planned hysterectomy with Hb of 95 g/L

A

No transfusion

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3
Q

can o receive platelets from a?

A

yes

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4
Q

can o receive rbcs from a?

A

no

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5
Q

can o receive platelets from a?

A

yes

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6
Q

glycosyltransferase…effect on ABO blood types

A

ABO blood type of each person is determined by a single gene. For the A type, there is a gene for GTA, a glycosyltransferase that adds N-acetylgalactosamine. For type B, the gene encodes GTB, a different glycosyltransferase that adds galactose. For type O, neither enzyme is made.

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7
Q

indications for RBC transfusion

A

To prevent or correct severe acute anaemia – that might otherwise cause organ damage
To improve quality of life in a patient with otherwise uncorrectable anaemia
To prepare a patient for surgery or speed up recovery
To reverse damage caused by patient’s own red cells - Sickle Cell Disease

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8
Q

indications for platelet transfusion,

A

Prophylactically or therapeutically to stop bleeding, Dilutional Thrombocytopenia [massive transfusion], Cardiopulmonary bypass surgery, D.I.C. if bleeding
Abnormalities of platelet function.

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9
Q

Indications for FFP use - Fresh frozen plasma (FFP) is a blood product made from the liquid portion of whole blood. It is used to treat conditions in which there are low blood clotting factors (INR>1.5) or low levels of other blood proteins.

A

Replacement of coagulation factors due to major haemorrhage
DIC in the presence of bleeding
Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura (TTP)
Replacement of coagulation factor deficiencies where factor concentrate unavailable

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10
Q

Indications for cryoprecipitate use - contains coagulation factors-FVIII, vWF, Fibrinogen, F XIII

A

Hypofibrinogenaemia secondary to massive transfusion; >1.5g/L
DIC with bleeding and fibrinogen <1g/L
Bleeding associated with thrombolytic therapy causing hypofibrinogenaemia
Renal or liver failure and abnormal bleeding
Inherited hypofibrinogenaemia if fibrinogen concentrate unavailable

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