Blood Transfusion

Question 1

What are the objectives of a blood transfusion?

Answer 1

(1) ↑ circulating blood volume after hemorrhage, trauma , surgery
(2) ↑ #RBCs & maintain hemoglobin levels in pts with severe anemia.
(3) Replacement therapy for albumin, clotting factors, platelets

Question 2

What is a blood transfusion?

Answer 2

Blood transfusion, or blood component therapy, is the IV administration of whole blood (RBCs, WBCs, platelets) OR a blood component (packed red blood cells [RBCs], platelets, or plasma.

Question 3

Blood transfusion is a high-risk ___________ intervention.

Answer 3

Nursing

Question 4

What are the RN responsibilities of a blood transfusion?

Answer 4

(1) thorough pt assessment(2) √ blood product against MD’s orders (3) √ against pt identifiers(4) monitor for adverse reactions

Question 5

What are the constituents of blood?

Answer 5

1. Plasma
2. Blood cells

Question 6

What is plasma?

Answer 6

1. Light yellow color
2. Alkaline
3. 90% water. 7% proteins, 3% non-organic matter

Question 7

Blood consists of _______% of plasma.

Answer 7

54.3%

Question 8

What cells make up blood?

Answer 8

1. Red blood cells
2. White blood cells
3. Platelets

Question 9

Blood consists of ______% of white blood cells and platelets.

Answer 9

0.7%

Question 10

Blood consists of ____% of red blood cells.

Answer 10

45%

Question 11

What happens if wrong blood types are mixed?

Answer 11

Agglutination – clumping of particles together.

Question 12

Blood transfusions must be ______ to each patient to avoid incompatibility.

Answer 12

Matched

Question 13

What happens when blood types are incompatible?

Answer 13

pt’s antibodies trigger RBC destruction –> dangerous transfusion reaction (i.e., immune response to the transfused blood components).