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Anatomy & Terminology 2 > Blood System > Flashcards

Blood System Flashcards

1
Q

What is the medical term for the liquid component of blood?

A

Plasma

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2
Q

Which blood cells are responsible for oxygen transport in the body?

A

Red blood cells (erythrocytes)

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3
Q

What is the medical term for white blood cells?

A

Leukocytes

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4
Q

True or False: Platelets are responsible for blood clotting.

A

True

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5
Q

What is the medical term for a low red blood cell count?

A

Anemia

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6
Q

Which blood type is considered the universal donor?

A

O negative

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7
Q

What is the medical term for a high white blood cell count?

A

Leukocytosis

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8
Q

What is the medical term for the process of blood cell formation?

A

Hematopoiesis

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9
Q

Which blood cells are responsible for fighting infections?

A

White blood cells (leukocytes)

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10
Q

What is the medical term for a high platelet count?

A

Thrombocytosis

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11
Q

What is the medical term for a low platelet count?

A

Thrombocytopenia

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12
Q

Which blood type is considered the universal recipient?

A

AB positive

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13
Q

True or False: Red blood cells contain hemoglobin.

A

True

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14
Q

What is the medical term for the process of blood clotting?

A

Coagulation

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15
Q

What is the medical term for a high red blood cell count?

A

Polycythemia

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16
Q

Which blood component is responsible for transporting nutrients and waste products?

A

Plasma

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17
Q

True or False: Neutrophils are a type of white blood cell.

A

True

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18
Q

What is the medical term for a low white blood cell count?

A

Leukopenia

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19
Q

What is the medical term for an abnormal decrease in all blood cell types?

A

Pancytopenia

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20
Q

Which blood cells are responsible for immune responses?

A

Lymphocytes

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21
Q

What is the medical term for a high white blood cell count characterized by immature cells?

A

Leukemoid reaction

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22
Q

True or False: Blood type is determined by the presence of antigens on red blood cells.

A

True

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23
Q

What is the medical term for a low red blood cell count due to lack of iron?

A

Iron deficiency anemia

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24
Q

Which blood type is considered the universal donor for plasma?

A

AB positive

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25
Q

What is the medical term for a low platelet count due to destruction or decreased production?

A

Thrombocytopenia

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26
Q

What is the main function of red blood cells?

A

To carry oxygen from the lungs to the body’s tissues.

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27
Q

What is the primary function of white blood cells?

A

To help the body fight infection and disease.

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28
Q

What is the liquid component of blood called?

A

Plasma.

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29
Q

What type of blood cells are responsible for blood clotting?

A

Platelets.

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30
Q

What is the process by which blood cells are produced called?

A

Hematopoiesis.

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31
Q

What is the average lifespan of a red blood cell?

A

About 120 days.

32
Q

What is the protein in red blood cells that binds to oxygen called?

A

Hemoglobin.

33
Q

What is the term for the percentage of red blood cells in the total blood volume?

A

Hematocrit.

34
Q

What is the disorder characterized by a deficiency of red blood cells or hemoglobin called?

A

Anemia.

35
Q

Which blood type is known as the universal donor?

A

O negative.

36
Q

Which blood type is known as the universal recipient?

A

AB positive.

37
Q

What is the process by which blood cells are formed in the bone marrow called?

A

Hematopoiesis.

38
Q

What is the term for the process of blood cell destruction?

A

Hemolysis.

39
Q

What is the term for the process of stopping bleeding?

A

Hemostasis.

40
Q

What is the hormone that stimulates red blood cell production?

A

Erythropoietin.

41
Q

What is the term for a high number of white blood cells in the blood?

A

Leukocytosis.

42
Q

What is the term for a low number of white blood cells in the blood?

A

Leukopenia.

43
Q

What is the process by which white blood cells engulf and destroy bacteria called?

A

Phagocytosis.

44
Q

What is the term for the process of blood cell formation?

A

Hematopoiesis.

45
Q

What is the term for a hereditary disorder in which blood does not clot properly?

A

Hemophilia.

46
Q

What is the term for the process of red blood cell formation?

A

Erythropoiesis.

47
Q

What is the term for the process of white blood cell formation?

A

Leukopoiesis.

48
Q

What is the term for the process of platelet formation?

A

Thrombopoiesis.

49
Q

What is the term for the process of breaking down blood clots?

A

Fibrinolysis.

50
Q

What is the term for a condition in which the blood does not clot properly?

A

Coagulopathy.

51
Q

What is the most common blood test performed in a laboratory?

A

Complete Blood Count (CBC)

52
Q

What does a CBC measure?

A

Red blood cells, white blood cells, hemoglobin, hematocrit, and platelets

53
Q

True or False: A basic metabolic panel (BMP) typically includes tests for electrolyte levels, kidney function, and blood sugar.

A

true

54
Q

What is the normal range for fasting blood glucose levels?

A

70-100 mg/dL

55
Q

What does a lipid panel test for?

A

Cholesterol levels, including HDL, LDL, and triglycerides

56
Q

Fill in the blank: A ____________ test measures the ability of blood to clot.

A

coagulation

57
Q

What does a basic metabolic panel (BMP) typically include?

A

Electrolyte levels (sodium, potassium, chloride), kidney function (creatinine, BUN), and blood sugar (glucose)

58
Q

True or False: A complete blood count (CBC) can help diagnose anemia and infection.

A

true

59
Q

What is the main purpose of a blood culture test?

A

To detect the presence of bacteria or fungi in the blood

60
Q

What does a thyroid function test measure?

A

Levels of thyroid hormones (T3, T4) and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)

61
Q

What is the term for a decrease in the number of red blood cells or a decrease in the amount of hemoglobin in the blood?

A

Anemia

62
Q

True or False: Leukemia is a type of cancer that affects white blood cells.

A

True

63
Q

What is the medical term for the condition of having too many red blood cells?

A

Polycythemia

64
Q

Which type of blood cell is responsible for clotting to prevent excessive bleeding?

A

Platelets

65
Q

What is the term for a genetic disorder that affects the production of hemoglobin, resulting in misshapen red blood cells?

A

Sickle cell anemia

66
Q

Which type of blood cell is responsible for fighting infections in the body?

A

White blood cells

67
Q

What is the term for a condition in which the bone marrow produces too many white blood cells?

A

Leukocytosis

68
Q

True or False: Thrombocytopenia is a condition characterized by a low number of platelets in the blood.

A

True

69
Q

What is the term for the process of blood cell formation in the bone marrow?

A

Hematopoiesis

70
Q

Which type of blood cell carries oxygen from the lungs to the body’s tissues?

A

Red blood cells

71
Q

What is the term for a condition in which the bone marrow produces too many immature white blood cells?

A

Leukemoid reaction

72
Q

True or False: Hemophilia is a genetic disorder that impairs the body’s ability to form blood clots.

A

True

73
Q

What is the term for a condition in which the bone marrow fails to produce enough blood cells?

A

Aplastic anemia

74
Q

Which type of blood cell is responsible for transporting oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood?

A

Red blood cells

75
Q

What is the term for an abnormal decrease in the number of platelets in the blood?

A

Thrombocytopenia

Anatomy & Terminology 2 (4 decks)

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