Blood Supply to the Brain

Question 1

What is the cerebral blood flow?

Answer 1

750ml per minute

Question 2

How long after cession of cerebral circulation does nerve cell damage begin?

Answer 2

3 minutes

Question 3

What is the penumbra?

Answer 3

Area around the core of the lesion where recovery can occur

Question 4

Which artery is the vertebral artery a branch of?

Answer 4

First part of subclavian

Question 5

Which vertebral level does the vertebral artery enter the foramen transversum?

Answer 5

C6

Question 6

Where do the two vertebral arteries unite to form the basilar artery?

Answer 6

Lower border or the ventral pons

Question 7

Where does the basilar artery ascend?

Answer 7

Anterior surface of pons

Question 8

What does the basilar artery terminate as?

Answer 8

Posterior cerebral arteries

Question 9

Name the blood vessels supplying the cerebellum from rostral to caudal

Answer 9

Superior cerebellar
Anterior inferior cerebellar
Posterior inferior cerebellar

Question 10

How does the internal carotid enter the skull?

Answer 10

Via the carotid canal in the temporal bone

Question 11

Where does the ICA perforate the dura mater?

Answer 11

Anterior clinoid proess

Question 12

How many segments does the ICA have?

Answer 12

7

Question 13

What is the first branch of the ICA distal to cavernous sinus?

Answer 13

Opthalmic artery

Question 14

Which artery does the ICA give off just after the PCA?

Answer 14

Anterior choroidal

Question 15

Which structures is the circle of Willis closely related to?

Answer 15

Cerebral peduncles
Optic chiasm
Pituitary stalk
Occulomotor nerves

Question 16

Which artery lies in the lateral fissure?

Answer 16

MCA

Question 17

What area of the brain does the ACA supply?

Answer 17

Structures near the midline

Question 18

What are the clinical features of MCA occulsion?

Answer 18

• Contralateral hemiplegia
• Hemi-sensory loss
• Contralateral hemianopia
• +/- dysphasia (dominant hemisphere)
• +/- anosognosia

Question 19

What is the name of the smaller branches of the MCA that are often occluded causing stroke?

Answer 19

Lenticulostriate

Question 20

What are the clinical features of ACA stroke?

Answer 20

Weak contralateral leg and possibly arm
Sensory loss in contralateral foot and leg
Gait apraxia (difficulty initiating walking movement)
Akinetic mutism (paucity of movement and speech)
Urinary incontinence

Question 21

What are the clinical features of PCA stroke?

Answer 21

Contralateral homonymous hemianopia +/- macula sparing

Question 22

Which arteries supply the internal capsule and basal ganglia?

Answer 22

Medial striate branches of ACA
Lateral striate branches of MCA
Anterior choroidal

Question 23

Which arteries supply the thalamus and midbrain?

Answer 23

PCA

Posterior communicating

Question 24

Which arteries supply the pons?

Answer 24

Post - Basilar

Ant- AICA

Question 25

Which arteries supply the rostral medulla?

Answer 25

Lat - PICA

Med - Anterior spinal

Question 26

Which arteries supply the caudal medulla?

Answer 26

Spinal arteries
PICA
Vertebral

Question 27

Where is a frequent site of berry aneurysm?

Answer 27

Site where posterior communicating artery arises from ICA