Blood Supply Flashcards
What two arteries does the Internal Carotid branch off to before joining Circle of Willis?
Opthalmic Artery: Central artery of retina. Occlusion can lead to sudden blindness.
Anterior Choroidal Artery: LGN of thalamus, Internal Capsule, Globus pallidus (also supplied by lenticulostriate arteries of MCA),
What 2 parts of the brain does the Circle of Willis encircle?
optic chiasm and pituitary gland
What is the most common site of aneurysm? Symptom?
Anterior Communicating Artery
Bitemporal hemianopsia (Tunnel Vision)
What is the most common artery involved in stroke?
MCA
Aneurysms of which arteries can give rise to CNIII palsy?
PCA, SCA, and Post. Comm. Artery
What does the PICA supply? Associated defect?
Supplies: medulla and posterior inferior cerebellum
Defect: Lateral Medullary (Wallenburg syndrome). Ipsilateral facial and Contralateral body pain/temp loss, nystagmus, ataxia, vocal cord paralysis, Horner syndrome
What does the AICA supply? Associated defect?
Supplies: pons, CN VII, anterior cerebellu,
Defect: lateral pontine syndrome
What do the Pontine Arteries supply? Associated defect?
Supplies: pons, corticospinal fibers, CN VI
Defect: “Locked-in syndrome”
What does the SCA supply? Associated defect?
Supplies: pons, superior surface of cerebellum, CN VII and VIII
Defect: Aneurysm can compress CN VIII–> dilated pupil on AFFECTED side!
What does the PCA supply? Associated defect?
Supplies: Occipital Lobe
Defect: Contralateral homonymous hemianopia with macular sparing. Aneurysm–> CN VIII palsy
What does the MCA supply? Associated defect?
Supplies: lateral aspects of hemispheres (trunk-face-upper extremity motor/sensory, Broca, Wernicke)
Defect: Upper branch–> face and arm hemiparesis, hemisensory loss, Broca aphasia. Lower branch–> Wernicke aphasia
What does the ACA supply? Associated defect?
Supplies: medial aspect of frontal lobes, lower extremity regions of motor/sensory
Defect: Contralateral lower extremity hemiplegia and/or sensory loss
The Dural Venous Sinuses provide path to what?
Provides pathogens an neoplastic cells with valveless path from face through bridging veins to brain
What do the Superior cerebral (bridging) veins drain into? What does the Great Cerebral Vein of Galen drain into?
Superior Sagittal Sinus–> confluence of sinuses
Great vein of Galen–> Straight sinus–> confluence of sinuses
Confluence of sinuses–> Transverse–> Internal Jugular vein
What is in the Cavernous Sinus? Which CN is most susceptible to impingement?
Surrounds the pituitary gland. Drains blood from face, eye and superficial cortex. Feeds into Jugular Vein.
Contains: CN III, IV, V1, V2, VI, postganglionic fibers that supply orbit. CN VI most susceptible to most medial.
