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Anatomy > Blood supply > Flashcards

Blood supply Flashcards

1
Q

What are the branches of the posterior division of the internal iliac artery?

A

Iliolumbar
Lateral sacral artery
Superior gluteal artery

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2
Q

What are the branches of the anterior division of the internal iliac artery?

A
  • Obturator
  • Umbilical artery - gives rise to superior vesical arteries and obliterated part of umbilical artery (medial umbilical ligament)
  • Uterine
  • Vaginal / Inferior vesical
  • Middle rectal
  • Internal pudendal
  • inferior gluteal
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3
Q

What are the branches of the uterine artery?

A

Ureteral branches
Vaginal branches
Cervical branches
Arcuate branches
Branches to fundus
Terminates into two branches, which anastomose with similar branches from the ovarian artery
- Ovarian branch
- Tubal branch

And vaginal artery

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4
Q

What is the origin of the ovarian artery?

What is the course of the ovarian artery?

A

Abdominal aorta. Just inferior to the renal artery.

Course: Caudally in retroperitoneal space anterior to pass muscle, in close association to the ureter. crosses anterior to the ureter. crosses pelvic brim at bifurcation of the common iliac vessels, and passes medially through the infundibulopelvic (IP) ligament.

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5
Q

What is the origin of the uterine artery?

A

Anterior division of the internal iliac artery

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6
Q

What is the venous drainage of the ovary?

A

Left ovarian vein drains into the left renal vain

Right ovarian vein drains into the IVC

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7
Q

What is the venous drainage of the uterus?

A

Drains into the internal iliac vein via the venous plexus (of veins from uterus, vagina, cervix)

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8
Q

What is the venous drainage of the vagina?

A

Drains into the internal iliac vein via the venous plexus (of veins from uterus, vagina, cervix)

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9
Q

What is the blood supply of the vagina?

A

Various branches of the anterior division of the internal iliac artery

Vaginal
Uterine branches
Middle rectal
Internal pudendal

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10
Q

Regarding the inferior epigastric artery:

  • What is its origin?
  • Where does it course?
  • What does it perfuse?
  • When placing lower abdominal lateral ports during laparoscopy, how would you avoid injuring the inferior epigastric vessels?
A
  • Origin: external iliac artery.
  • Course: Travels through transversalis fascia into space between rectus abdominis and posterior rectus sheath. Runs obliquely towards a more medial location as it approaches umbilicus.
  • Supplies: rectus abdominis
  • The inferior epigastric vessels must be visualised intra-abdominally running lateral to the medial umbilical ligament.
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11
Q

Regarding the uterine artery:

  • What is its origin?
  • Where does it course?
  • What does it perfuse?
A
  • Origin: anterior division of the internal iliac artery.
  • Course: anteromedially in base of broad ligament and superior to cardinal ligament and gives rise to the vaginal branch then crosses ureter (1.5 cm lateral to cervix; water under bridge) to reach lateral aspect of cervix.
  • Supplies: uterus, uterine ligaments, medial fallopian tubes and ovary and superior vagina.
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12
Q

Regarding the vaginal artery:

  • What is its origin?
  • Where does it course?
  • What does it perfuse?
A
  • Origin: anterior branch of internal iliac artery; (it can arise from the uterine artery as a ‘vaginal branch of uterine artery’)
  • Course: vaginal branch descends to supply vagina. It gives off the inferior vesical artery in females, to supply the bladder. (in males inf vesical artery comes directly from ant branch of int iliac…as they don’t have vag…).

Supplies:

  • Vaginal br supplies lower vagina, vestibular bulb and adjcaent rectum.
  • Inferior vesical br supplies base of bladder, trigone and ureters.
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13
Q

Regarding the internal pudendal artery:

  • What is its origin?
  • Where does it course?
  • What does it perfuse?
A
  • Origin: anterior division of the internal iliac artery.
  • Course: leaves pelvis via the greater sciatic foremen and enters the perineum via the lesser sciatic foremen, then passes via the pudendal (alcocks) canal on the internal surface of obturator internus.

Supplies: main artery of the perineum

  • Muscles and skin of anal and urogenital triangles
  • Erectile bodies
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14
Q

At what level does the aorta divide into the common iliac vessels?

A

L4

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15
Q

What is the collateral circulation after internal iliac artery ligation?

A

Systematic anastomoses with:

  • lateral sacral
  • middle sacral
  • iliolumbar
  • lumbar
  • middle rectal
  • superior rectal (from IMA)
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16
Q

At what level do the renal arteries arise?

A

L2

17
Q

At what vertebral level does the IMA arise?

A

L3

18
Q

At what landmark does the common iliac vessels bifurcate?

A

As they pass over the sacroiliac joints.

Anatomy (8 decks)

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